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Guided bone regeneration simultaneous with implant placement using bovine-derived xenograft with and without liquid platelet-rich fibrin: a randomized controlled clinical trial

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Abstract

Objective

To assess augmentation success after guided bone regeneration (GBR) carried out simultaneously with implant placement using bovine-derived xenograft alone and in combination with liquid platelet-rich fibrin (liquid-PRF).

Methods

This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on patients with horizontal bone deficiency in the posterior regions of the mandible. After implant placement, GBR procedures were randomly performed using liquid-PRF-enriched bovine-derived xenograft (for the test group) and with bovine-derived xenograft alone (for the control group). To assess the change in augmentation thickness, the primary outcome of the study, cone beam computed tomography was carried out at the implant sites on completion and 6 months after surgery. The secondary outcomes were marginal bone level and implant survival rate at prosthetic delivery and at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years follow-up after loading. The significance level was set at p<0.05 for all analysis.

Results

Twenty patients with 50 implants were analyzed for the test group and 20 patients with 48 implants for the control group. At 6 months postoperatively, the mean values of augmentation thickness were 1.63 ± 0.21 mm, 2.59 ± 0.34 mm, and 3.11 ± 0.36 mm for the test group and 1.34 ± 0.14 mm, 2.49 ± 0.24 mm, and 2.97 ± 0.24 mm for the control group at 2 mm, 4 mm, and 6 mm below to the implant shoulder (p < 0.001, p = 0.007, and p = 0.036, respectively). The mean marginal bone loss was found to be less than 1 mm for both study groups during the 2 years of follow-up after prosthetic loading. Implant survival rate was 100% for both study groups.

Conclusion

Bovine-derived xenograft alone and in combination with liquid-PRF are both successful in achieving bone augmentation around the implants and produce a small change in marginal bone level and a high implant survival rate after loading.

Clinical relevance

There is a lack of evidence in the literature regarding the augmentation success of liquid-PRF used in combination with bone graft substitutes. This study indicates that liquid-PRF could be used as a supportive material with bovine-derived xenograft in GBR procedures carried out simultaneously with implant placement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey

    Gözde Işık, Meltem Özden Yüce & Tayfun Günbay

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey

    Nazan Koçak-Topbaş

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  1. Gözde Işık
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  2. Meltem Özden Yüce
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  3. Nazan Koçak-Topbaş
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Contributions

G.I. and T.G. conceived the ideas and planned the research; T.G. performed the surgeries; M.O.Y and N.K.T collected the data; G.I. led the writing of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Gözde Işık.

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All procedures carried out in the course of the studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee (No: 17-12.1/34) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Işık, G., Özden Yüce, M., Koçak-Topbaş, N. et al. Guided bone regeneration simultaneous with implant placement using bovine-derived xenograft with and without liquid platelet-rich fibrin: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Oral Invest 25, 5563–5575 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03987-5

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