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In ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic rat models, BMP-2 substantially reversed an impaired alveolar bone regeneration whereas PDGF-BB failed

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Abstract

Objectives

We previously suggested an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic rat model showing an impaired alveolar bone defect healing. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) on alveolar bone defect healing in OVX-induced osteoporotic rats.

Materials and Methods

A total of forty-one female rats were divided into four groups: a collagen group (n=10), a PDGF-BB group (n=11), a BMP-2 group (n=10), and a control group (n=10). Four months after OVX, alveolar bone drill-hole defects were created and grafted with collagen gel, rhPDGF-BB/collagen gel, or rhBMP-2/collagen gel. The defects in the control group were not grafted with any material. Defect healing was evaluated by histological, histomorphometric, and microcomputed tomographic (micro-CT) analyses at 2 and 4 weeks.

Results

According to the micro-CT analysis, the BMP-2 group exhibited the greatest bone volume fraction among all groups, while the PDGF-BB group did not show significant differences compared with the collagen group. The histomorphometric analysis showed a significantly larger amount of new bone area in the BMP-2 group than in the control and collagen groups at 4 weeks; however, the PDGF-BB group did not reach significant superiority compared with the other groups.

Conclusions

Alveolar bone regeneration was significantly enhanced by the local use of rhBMP-2/collagen gel compared with the use of rhPDGF-BB/collagen gel in OVX-induced osteoporotic rats.

Clinical Relevance

A treatment modality using rhBMP-2 may be a promising approach to promote alveolar bone regeneration in patients suffering from postmenopausal osteoporosis.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate Ms. Mi-Jung Kang’s remarkable technical help.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No. NRF-2020R1A2C1007536).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Hyun Ju Kim

  2. Department of Periodontology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101 Daehakno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea

    Kyoung-Hwa Kim, Yong-Moo Lee, Young Ku, In-Chul Rhyu & Yang-Jo Seol

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Contributions

Hyun Ju Kim and Kyoung-Hwa Kim contributed equally to this work. HJK carried out all animal experiments and radiographic analyses and drafted the manuscript. KHK participated in all animal experiments and carried out the histological and histomorphometric analyses, including tissue sample preparation. YML participated in the study design and helped revise the manuscript. YK advised on the data analysis and helped revise the manuscript. ICR participated in the study design and reviewed the manuscript. YJS conceived the study, designed the study protocol, and helped draft and revise the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yang-Jo Seol.

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Ethical approval

This study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Seoul National University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and Animal Research: Reporting In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE). The experimental protocols were approved by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources, Seoul National University (SNU-180626-2). All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

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Kim, H.J., Kim, KH., Lee, YM. et al. In ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic rat models, BMP-2 substantially reversed an impaired alveolar bone regeneration whereas PDGF-BB failed. Clin Oral Invest 25, 6159–6170 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-021-03915-7

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