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Radiographic pattern of underlying dentin lesions (ICDAS 4) in permanent teeth

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Abstract

Objective

To assess the radiographic pattern of underlying dentine shadows (UDS) in the occlusal surfaces of permanent teeth.

Methods

A total of 282 permanent posterior teeth pertaining to 91 individuals, 142 UDS and 140 non-cavitated enamel lesions (NCEL), were included for comparison. UDS was defined as shadows of discolored dentin visible through the enamel surface which may or may not show signs of localized enamel breakdown, classified as code 4 by the International Caries Detection and Assessment System group. Data collection included the application of a questionnaire, clinical examination, and bilateral bitewing radiographs. The risk for presenting radiolucency was estimated using logistic regression model with generalized estimating equations.

Results

Approximately 79% of UDS exhibited no radiolucency. The proportion of teeth exhibiting a radiolucency restricted to the enamel-dentin junction was 20.4% for UDS and 3.6% for NCEL (p < 0.001, chi-square test). UDS had a sixfold increased risk for exhibiting radiolucency compared with NCEL (OR = 5.78, 95% CI = 2.73–12.22, p < 0.001). Despite this finding, it is important to highlight that virtually all cases were located at the enamel-dentin junction, and only one tooth in each category of clinical status exhibited radiolucency at the outer one half of dentin. No tooth exhibited radiolucency reaching the deep dentin.

Conclusion

The present study showed that UDS presented radiolucency in very few cases. The vast majority of lesions showed no radiolucency.

Clinical relevance

Our findings suggest that only a small proportion of UDS would demand restorative treatment.

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Funding

This study was funded by the researchers.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil

    P. K. Marquezan, L. S. Alves, A. Dalla Nora & Júlio Eduardo do Amaral Zenkner

  2. Faculty of Odontology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    M. Maltz

  3. Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry – UFSM, Floriano Peixoto, 1184, 116, Santa Maria, RS, 97015-372, Brazil

    Júlio Eduardo do Amaral Zenkner

Authors
  1. P. K. Marquezan
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  2. L. S. Alves
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  3. A. Dalla Nora
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  4. M. Maltz
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  5. Júlio Eduardo do Amaral Zenkner
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Júlio Eduardo do Amaral Zenkner.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Santa Maria (number 62517416.6.0000.5346). All procedures were in accordance with the ethical standards of this research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

All subjects and their parents/legal guardians were informed on the research risks and purposes and signed a written informed consent. When necessary, patients received dental care by the researchers. No financial incentive was paid for the participants.

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Marquezan, P.K., Alves, L.S., Dalla Nora, A. et al. Radiographic pattern of underlying dentin lesions (ICDAS 4) in permanent teeth. Clin Oral Invest 23, 3879–3883 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02818-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02818-y

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