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Effect of a chitosan additive to a Sn2+-containing toothpaste on its anti-erosive/anti-abrasive efficacy—a controlled randomised in situ trial

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Abstract

Objectives

It is well known that Sn2+ is a notable anti-erosive agent. There are indications that biopolymers such as chitosan can enhance the effect of Sn2+, at least in vitro. However, little information exists about their anti-erosive/anti-abrasive in situ effects. In the present in situ study, the efficacy of Sn2+-containing toothpastes in the presence or absence of chitosan was tested.

Methods

Ten subjects participated in the randomised crossover study, wearing mandibular appliances with human enamel specimens. Specimens were extraorally demineralised (7 days, 0.5 % citric acid, pH 2.6; 6 × 2 min/day) and intraorally exposed to toothpaste suspensions (2 × 2 min/day). Within the suspension immersion time, one half of the specimens were additionally brushed intraorally with a powered toothbrush (5 s, 2.5 N). Tested preparations were a placebo toothpaste (negative control), two experimental toothpastes (F/Sn = 1,400 ppm F−, 3,500 ppm Sn2+; F/Sn/chitosan = 1,400 ppm F−, 3,500 ppm Sn2+, 0.5 % chitosan) and an SnF2-containing gel (positive control, GelKam = 3,000 ppm Sn2+, 1,000 ppm F−). Substance loss was quantified profilometrically (μm).

Results

In the placebo group, tissue loss was 11.2 ± 4.6 (immersion in suspension) and 17.7 ± 4.7 (immersion in suspension + brushing). Immersion in each Sn2+-containing suspension significantly reduced tissue loss (p ≤ 0.01); after immersion in suspension + brushing, only the treatments with GelKam (5.4 ± 5.5) and with F/Sn/chitosan (9.6 ± 5.6) significantly reduced loss [both p ≤ 0.05 compared to placebo; F/Sn 12.8 ± 6.4 (not significant)]

Conclusion

Chitosan enhanced the efficacy of the Sn2+-containing toothpaste as an anti-erosive/anti-abrasive agent.

Clinical relevance

The use of Sn2+- and chitosan-containing toothpaste is a good option for symptomatic therapy in patients with regular acid impacts.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank all participants for their dedication in the study. The study was supported by GABA International AG, Therwil, Switzerland.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive, Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland

    N. Schlueter

  2. Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University, 35392, Giessen, Germany

    N. Schlueter, J. Klimek & C. Ganss

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  1. N. Schlueter
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  2. J. Klimek
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  3. C. Ganss
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Correspondence to N. Schlueter.

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Schlueter, N., Klimek, J. & Ganss, C. Effect of a chitosan additive to a Sn2+-containing toothpaste on its anti-erosive/anti-abrasive efficacy—a controlled randomised in situ trial. Clin Oral Invest 18, 107–115 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-013-0941-3

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