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Direct monitoring of the electron pool effect of cytochrome c3 by highly sensitive EQCM measurements

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Abstract

Cytochrome c3 from Desulfovibrio vulgaris has four hemes per molecule, and a redox change at the hemes alters the conformation of the protein, leading to a redox-dependent change in the interaction of cytochrome c3 with redox partners (an electron acceptor or an electron donor). The redox-dependent change in this interaction was directly monitored by the high-performance electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique that has been improved to give high sensitivity in solution. In this method, cytochrome c3 molecules in solution associate electrostatically with a viologen-immobilized quartz crystal electrode as a monolayer, and redox of the associating cytochrome c3 is controlled by the immobilized viologen. This technique makes it possible to measure the access of cytochrome c3 to the electrode or repulsion from the electrode, and hence interconversion between an electrostatic complex and an electron transfer complex on the cytochrome c3 and the viologen as a mass change accompanying a potential sweep is monitored. In addition, simultaneous measurement of a mass change and a potential step reveals that the cytochrome c3 stores electrons when the four hemes are reduced (an electron pool effect), that is, the oxidized cytochrome c3 facilitates acceptance of electrons from the immobilized viologen molecule, but the reduced cytochrome c3 donates the accepted electrons to the viologen with difficulty.

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Acknowledgements

This work was partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Area (no.14050032) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan and the Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST) program of Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, 226-8501, Yokohama , Japan

    Noriyuki Asakura, Toshiaki Kamachi & Ichiro Okura

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  1. Noriyuki Asakura
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  2. Toshiaki Kamachi
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  3. Ichiro Okura
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Correspondence to Ichiro Okura.

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Asakura, N., Kamachi, T. & Okura, I. Direct monitoring of the electron pool effect of cytochrome c3 by highly sensitive EQCM measurements. J Biol Inorg Chem 9, 1007–1016 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-004-0604-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-004-0604-6

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