Skip to main content
Log in

The possibility of using beef tallow biodiesel as a viscosity reference material

  • Practitioner's Report
  • Published:
Accreditation and Quality Assurance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study analyses the possibility of using beef tallow biodiesel transesterified with ethanol, provided by Universidade Federal Fluminense, as a viscosity reference material for biodiesels. The quantity viscosity was measured with capillary viscometers, according to Brazilian standards, in a temperature range between 20 °C and 40 °C for characterisation, and at 40 °C for homogeneity, in short-term stability (90 days) and long-term stability (450 days). Thirty-nine samples were stored, 9 at 45 °C, 6 at 4 °C and 24 at 20 °C. The behaviour of viscosity is analysed considering the estimated uncertainty of measurements for characterisation, homogeneity and stability. The reason to study a transesterified biofuel with ethanol lies in the fact that it is easy to produce this fluid from sugarcane in Brazil.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

References

  1. ISO 3105 (1994) Glass capillary kinematic viscometers–Specifications and operating instructions

  2. ASTM D446-07 (2007) Standard specifications and operating instructions for glass capillary kinematic viscometers

  3. Knothe G, Van Gerpen J, Krahl J (2005) The biodiesel handbook. AOCS Press, Champaign, IL

  4. ASTM D6751 (2008) Standard specification for biodiesel fuel blend stock (B100) for middle distillate fuels

  5. EN 14214 (2008) Automotive fuels. Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) for diesel engines. Requirements and test methods

  6. Resolution No.7, 03-19-2008 (2008) Brazilian national agency of petroleum, natural gas and biofuels (ANP). Agência Nacional de Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis, Resolução ANP no. 7, de 19.03.2008.http://nxt.anp.gov.br/NXT/gateway.dll/leg/resolucoes_anp/2008/mar%C3%A7o/ranp%207%20-%202008.xml?f=templates$fn=document-frame.htm$3.0$q=$x=$nc=6637.Accessed 28 Jan 2010

  7. White Paper On Internationally Compatible Biofuel Standards (2007) Tripartite task force. Brazil, European Union and United States of America. http://ec.europa.eu/energy/res/biofuels_standards/doc/white_paper_icbs_final.pdf. Accessed 28 Jan 2010

  8. Alptekin E, Canacki M (2008) Determination of the density and the viscosities of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends. Renew Energy 33:2623–2630

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. World’s Ethanol Production Forecast (2008) http://www.marketresearchanalyst.com/2008/01/26/world-ethanol-production-forecast-2008-2012/Accessed 28 Jan 2010

  10. Nassar A (2009) Prospects of the sugarcane expansion in Brazil: impacts on land use allocation and changes—ICONE—institute for international trade negotiations. Available at http://www.iddri.org/Activites/Ateliers/081009_Conf-Ethanol_Executive_Summary_Andre_Nassar.pdf. Accessed on 27 Sep 2009

  11. Barbosa AP, Rodrigues C, Santo Filho D, Siqueira JR, Pereira RG, de Oliveira LH (2009) Metrological approach in the characterisation of viscosity of corn biodiesel relative to temperature, using capillary viscometers. XIX Imeko World Congress Fundamental and Applied Metrology.Lisbon, Portugal. http://www.imeko2009.it.pt/Papers/FP_645.pdf. Accessed 27 Jan 2010

  12. Linsinger T, Pauwels J, Lamberty A, Schimmel H, van der Veen A, Siekmann L (2001) Estimating the uncertainty of stability for matrix CRMs, Fresenius J. Anal Chem 370:183–188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. De Souza V, Rodrigues J, Bandeira R, Valente L, Sousa M, Da Silva V, Da Silva R (2008) Evaluation of the stability of ethanol in water certified reference material: measurement uncertainty under transport and storage conditions. Accred Qual Assur 13:717–721

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Linsinger TPJ, Pauwels J, Lamberty A, van der Veen A, Schimmel H (2001) Homogeneity and stability of reference materials. Accred Qual Assur 6:20–25 (Springer)

  15. ASTM E 826 (1996) Standard practice for testing homogeneity of materials for development of reference materials. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken

  16. [16] Bauer H (1986) “Newtonian Fluid Flow”, Flüssigkeiten mit NEWTONschem FlieBverhalten—Fliebverhalten von Stoffen und Stoffgemischen, Hüthig & Wepf Verlag Basel, pp 100–145

  17. van der Veen A, Linsinger T, Pauwels J (2001) Uncertainty calculations in the certification of reference materials. 2. Homogeneity study. Accred Qual Assur 6:26–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. ISO/IEC 17025 (2005) General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories, 2nd edn

  19. van der Veen A, Linsinger T, Schimmel H, Lamberty A, Pauwels J (2001) Uncertainty calculations in the certification of reference materials. 4. Characterisation and certification. Accred Qual Assur 6:290–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Dube G (2001) Metrology in chemistry—a public task. Accred Qual Assur 6:3–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Emons H (2006) The ‘RM family’—identification of all of its members. Accred Qual Assur 10:690–691

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

We thank our colleagues D.Sc. Renata Martins Horta Borges, from Accreditation Division of Inmetro, D.Sc. Cláudia Santos Cardoso de Castro, from Mass Laboratory at Inmetro, and Eng. Felipe de Oliveira Baldner, from Laflu, for the important contributions to this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. M. E. Santo Filho.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Santo Filho, D.M.E., Pereira, R.G., Rodrigues, C.R.C. et al. The possibility of using beef tallow biodiesel as a viscosity reference material. Accred Qual Assur 15, 473–476 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-010-0650-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00769-010-0650-4

Keywords

Navigation