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Lebensqualität und psychische Belastungen von Schilddrüsenkrebspatienten

Quality of life and distress of patients with thyroid cancer

  • Psychoonkologie
  • Published:
Der Onkologe Aims and scope

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die überwiegend gute Prognose von Schilddrüsenkrebs sowie die günstigen Therapieoptionen führen auf der Seite der Behandler häufig zur Annahme, die Lebensqualität dieser Patienten müsste hoch und die psychosoziale Belastung gering sein.

Ziel

In diesem Beitrag sollen die Lebensqualität sowie die psychosozialen Belastungen und die Versorgungsbedürfnisse dieser Patientengruppe vorgestellt werden.

Ergebnisse

Studien berichten gehäuft von verschiedenen langwierigen Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität bei Schilddrüsenkrebspatienten. Dazu gehören sowohl Fatigue, kognitive, psychische und soziale Probleme als auch eine Reihe körperlicher Symptome. Die Einschätzung, die Lebensqualität dieser Patienten müsste hoch sein, steht dem subjektiven Erleben der Betroffenen gegenüber. Diese fühlen sich in mehrerlei Hinsicht unterversorgt. Als besonders defizitär erleben sie die Informationsmöglichkeiten über Erkrankung und Therapie sowie das psychosoziale Unterstützungsangebot. Die häufig benutzte Bezeichnung von Schilddrüsenkrebs als „guter Krebs“ löst bei vielen Patienten zudem das Gefühl aus, mit ihren somatischen Beschwerden, Sorgen und Ängsten nicht wahrgenommen zu werden. Aktuelle Studien bescheinigen Schilddrüsenkrebspatienten einen ähnlich hohen psychoonkologischen Behandlungsbedarf wie etwa Brustkrebspatientinnen.

Schlussfolgerung

In der klinisch-onkologischen Praxis ist ein verstärktes Bewusstsein für die unterschiedlichen Perspektiven von Behandlern und Betroffenen auf die Erkrankung notwendig. Das Bewusstsein für die Belastungsfaktoren dieser Patienten spielt in der Vermeidung iatrogener Komplikationen der Behandlung eine wesentliche Rolle. Die Anerkennung ihres Leidensdrucks ist ein wesentlicher Aspekt in der psychoonkologischen Betreuung.

Abstract

Background

Thyroid cancer is usually associated with an excellent outcome. High survival rates and minor treatment-related side effects often lead to the conclusion that the patients’ psychosocial competence and quality of life are preserved.

Aim

This article presents the psychosocial concerns of thyroid cancer patients, treatment needs and quality of life issues.

Results

There is increasing evidence that thyroid cancer patients suffer from a range of persistent quality of life impairments, such as fatigue, cognitive, psychological as well as social problems and somatic symptoms. These were observed even years after active therapy. Thus, the general notion that sequelae of thyroid cancer are not severe does not fit with patient experiences who feel that a variety of care and support needs are currently neglected by caregivers. The quality of information about the disease as well as treatment and the provision of psychosocial support in particular should be increased. Being told that they have “the good cancer” often entails the feeling of not being taken seriously.

Conclusion

Acknowledging patient burden is a crucial aspect in the treatment. Recent studies have shown that the psychosocial distress is comparable with those of other cancer patients, such as breast cancer patients. Increasing the awareness for the different perspectives of the professional and the thyroid cancer patient on the disease is necessary for improving care and for preventing iatrogenic complications of treatment.

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Einhaltung ethischer Richtlinien

Interessenkonflikt. E.-M. Gamper und M. Sztankay geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Der Beitrag enthält keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Correspondence to E.-M. Gamper.

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Gamper, EM., Sztankay, M. Lebensqualität und psychische Belastungen von Schilddrüsenkrebspatienten. Onkologe 21, 625–629 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-015-2918-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-015-2918-0

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