Abstract
To find out the dietary leucine requirement of fingerling Channa punctatus (5.24 ± 0.07 g), six purified experimental diets (45% CP and 14.73 kJ/g DE) with various leucine concentrations (0.5, 1.0,1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0% diet) were fed to apparent satiation to triplicate groups for 12 weeks (714/02/a/CPCSEA). Absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, protein and leucine retention efficiency, and RNA/DNA ratio improved up to 2.0% leucine in the diet. Carcass protein and fat increased significantly with increasing leucine levels up to a 2.0% dry diet. Moisture content showed a reverse pattern. Red blood corpuscles hemoglobin and hematocrit increased with incremental levels of leucine up to 2.0% diet. Significant changes were also noted in serum total protein, superoxide dismutase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lysozyme activity. Serum protein, superoxide dismutase and lysozyme activity were positively correlated with increasing leucine levels up to 2.0% diet, whereas aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase showed the opposite trend. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of absolute weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein, and leucine retention efficiency, inclusion of 2.0% leucine is recommended for optimum growth of fingerling C. punctatus.
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Abbreviations
- IW:
-
Initial weight
- FW:
-
Final weight
- AWG:
-
Absolute weight gain
- SGR:
-
Specific growth rate
- FCR:
-
Feed conversion ratio
- PER:
-
Protein efficiency ratio
- PRE:
-
Protein retention efficiency
- LRE:
-
Leucine retention efficiency
- HIS:
-
Hepatosomatic index
- VSI:
-
Viscerosomatic index
- CF:
-
Condition factor
- Hb:
-
Hemoglobin
- Hct:
-
Hematocrit
- RBCs:
-
Red blood corpuscles
- ESR:
-
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- SOD:
-
Superoxide dismutase
- AST:
-
Aspartate aminotransferase
- ALT:
-
Alanine aminotransferase
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Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to the Chairman, Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India, for providing necessary laboratory facilities. We also gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance of Maulana Azad National Fellowship-University Grant Commissions (F1-17.1/2016-17/ MANF-2015-17-UTT-52232) awarded to one of us (Yusra Sharf).
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The second author, MAK, provided expert assistance and is a scientific advisor for designing this study. He also contributed to the drafting of the paper. The first author, YS, conducted the feeding trial and substantially contributed to the analysis, writing of the manuscript, statistical analysis and interpretation of the data.
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All the experimental procedures including the animal experimentation were approved by the institutional ethical committee of Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (registration no. 714/02/a/CPCSEA).
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Sharf, Y., Khan, M.A. Dietary leucine requirement of fingerling Channa punctatus (Bloch) based on growth, feed conversion and leucine retention efficiency, hematological parameters, antioxidant and intestinal enzyme activities. Amino Acids 55, 451–468 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03240-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-023-03240-1