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DEER/PELDOR Study of the Effect of Extremely Low Concentrations of the Antimicrobial Peptide Chalciporin A on the Membrane Lipid Organization

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Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutic agents against drug-resistant bacteria. Many AMPs can directly interact with bacterial membranes, disturbing their integrity and/or functionality. Chalciporin A is a naturally occurring 14-mer AMP, belonging to the class of peptaibiotic. Spin-label electron paramagnetic resonance in its pulsed versions is a suitable tool to study intermolecular interactions in biological media. Here, we applied double electron–electron resonance (DEER, also known as PELDOR) and electron spin echo envelope modulation, to study model membranes of palmitoyl-oleoyl-glycero-phosphocholine in the presence of chalciporin A. The spin-labeled molecules were either chalciporin A or doxyl-spin-labeled stearic acids (DSAs). We observed that chalciporin A influences DSA clustering, disturbing the formation of the alternative sub-clusters in two opposing leaflets that was recently found in peptide-free membranes (Smorygina et al. in Langmuir 37:13909–13916, 2021). The intriguing point of this influence is that it takes place for peptide concentrations as small as 0.01 mol% (1/10,000 peptide-to-lipid ratio). The possible reasons for this membrane perturbation at extremely low concentrations are discussed.

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Funding

ASK, VNS and SAD, Russian Science Foundation, project # 21-13-00025, BB, CP and FF Fresenius Kabi iPSUM and the University of Padova (Grant Uni-Impresa 2019).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, RAS, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation

    Anna S. Kashnik, Victoria N. Syryamina & Sergei A. Dzuba

  2. Padova Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, CNR, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Barbara Biondi, Cristina Peggion & Fernando Formaggio

  3. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Barbara Biondi, Cristina Peggion & Fernando Formaggio

  4. Department of Physics, Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation

    Sergei A. Dzuba

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  1. Anna S. Kashnik
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Investigation, ASK; data processing, VNS, synthesis, BB, CP and FF, editing, FF, conceptualization and writing, SAD. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sergei A. Dzuba.

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Kashnik, A.S., Syryamina, V.N., Biondi, B. et al. DEER/PELDOR Study of the Effect of Extremely Low Concentrations of the Antimicrobial Peptide Chalciporin A on the Membrane Lipid Organization. Appl Magn Reson 54, 401–414 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00723-023-01526-x

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