Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

100 Jahre erfolgreiche Hornhauttransplantation

100 years of successful corneal transplantation

  • Originalarbeiten
  • Published:
Spektrum der Augenheilkunde Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

The cornea was the first successful transplanted tissue more than 100 years ago. Our understanding about the immunological aspects of a corneal transplant has increased over the past 100 years and surgical techniques and medical treatment of corneal grafts have changed within the last decades. The cornea is now the most successfully transplanted tissue worldwide. The success story of corneal transplantation began with the understanding of the immunological aspects and the introduction of topical and systemic immunosuppressive treatment. Nowadays we have several surgical and medical options to get a prolonged graft survival, especially in eyes with a high risk for allograft rejection. In this review, we summarize the history of corneal transplantation and possible medical and surgical options to increase the success of corneal grafts.

Zusammenfassung

Die Hornhaut war vor nun mehr als 100 Jahren das erste erfolgreich transplantierte Gewebe. Während das Verständnis für ein erfolgreiches Hornhauttransplantat vor 100 Jahren noch fehlte, haben sich sowohl die Operationstechniken, als auch die konservative Therapie in den letzten Jahrzehnten zum Teil grundlegend geändert. Die Hornhaut ist nun weltweit nicht nur das am häufigsten transplantierte Gewebe, sondern auch das mit der besten Prognose. Die Erfolgsgeschichte der Keratoplastik begann mit dem Verständnis des immunologischen Aspektes und der Einführung lokaler und systemischer Immunsuppressiva. Heutzutage stehen uns zahlreiche dieser Wirkstoffe zur Verfügung, um ein gutes Transplantationsergebnis auch bei Patienten mit hohem Abstoßungsrisiko zu erreichen. Auch die Renaissance der lamellären Keratoplastik hat die Ergebnisse der Hornhauttransplantation deutlich verbessert. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit beschreiben wir sowohl die Geschichte der Keratoplastik als auch die neuen lokalen, systemischen und chirurgischen Optionen um die Erfolge von Hornhauttransplantaten zu verbessern.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Alberth B (1961) Prevention of vascularization of the transplanted cornea by orally administered prednisolone. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 163: 562–574

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arancibia-Carcamo CV, Oral HB, Haskard DO, Larkin DF, George AJ (1998) Lipoadenofection-mediated gene delivery to the corneal endothelium: prospects for modulating graft rejection. Transplantation 65: 62–67

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Müllner K, El-Shabrawi Y, Bergloff J, Hofmann-Wellenhof R, Reich M, Radner H (1999) Antigen pattern of the corneal Langerhans cell. Spektrum Augenheilkd 13: 14–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Berghold A, Komericki P, Reich ME (1997) The significance of tissue storage time for success after corneal transplantation. Ophthalmologe 94: 285–289

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Berghold A, Reich ME (1998) Loss of corneal Langerhans cells during storage in organ culture medium, Optisol and McCarey-Kaufman medium. Eye 12: 134–138

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Hau S, McAlister JC, Bunce C, Galaretta D, Tuft SJ, Larkin DF (2007) Quality of vision and graft thickness in deep anterior lamellar and penetrating corneal allografts. Am J Ophthalmol 143: 228–235

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Komericki P, Klein A, Mattes D, El-Shabrawi Y, Radner H (2005) ABO blood group expression in corneal allograft failures. Ophthalmologe 102: 981–986

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Komericki P, Radner H, Aigner R, Reich ME (1997) Corneal Langerhans cells. Behavior during storage in organ culture. Ophthalmologe 94: 703–706

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, McAlister JC, Rogers NJ, Tan PH, George AJ, Larkin DF (2003) Modulation of costimulation by CD28 and CD154 alters the kinetics and cellular characteristics of corneal allograft rejection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44: 3899–3905

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ardjomand N, Reich ME, Radner H (1998) Expression of blood group antigens A and/or B in diseased corneas. Curr Eye Res 17: 650–655

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baumgartner I, Mayr WR, Grabner G (1988) Why HLA-typing in keratoplasty? A review. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 192: 629–633

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baumgartner I, Mayr WR, Grabner G (1989) Corneal grafting-strategy for optimal results. Tissue Antigens 34: 5–8

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baumgartner I, Mayr WR, Hajek-Rosenmayr A, Grabner G (1988) Differential effect of incompatibilities of the HLA-A and HLA-B locus on the success of corneal transplants. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 193: 48–51

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell KD, Campbell RJ, Bourne WM (2000) Pathology of late endothelial failure: late endothelial failure of penetrating keratoplasty: study with light and electron microscopy. Cornea 19: 40–46

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beutelspacher SC, Ardjomand N, Tan PH, Patton GS, Larkin DF, George AJ, McClure MO (2005) Comparison of HIV-1 and EIAV-based lentiviral vectors in corneal transduction. Exp Eye Res 80: 787–794

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bigger SL (1837) An inquiry into the possibility of transplanting the cornea with a view to relieving blindness. Dublin J Med Sci 11: 408–417

    Google Scholar 

  • Birnbaum F, Bohringer D, Sokolovska Y, Sundmacher R, Reinhard T (2005) Immunosuppression with cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil after penetrating high-risk keratoplasty: a retrospective study. Transplantation 79: 964–968

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown DC, Ellison ED, Kaufman HE (1969) Quantitative systemic corticosteroid effect on xenograft reaction. Am J Ophthalmol 67: 896–899

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CCTS (1992) The collaborative corneal transplantation studies (CCTS). Effectiveness of histocompatibility matching in high-risk corneal transplantation. The Collaborative Corneal Transplantation Studies Research Group. Arch Ophthalmol 110: 1392–1403

    Google Scholar 

  • CCTS (1993) Design and methods of The Collaborative Corneal Transplantation Studies. The Collaborative Corneal Transplantation Studies Research Group. Cornea 12: 93–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Claerhout I, Beele H, De Bacquer D, Kestelyn P (2003) Factors influencing the decline in endothelial cell density after corneal allograft rejection. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44: 4747–4752

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Comer RM, King WJ, Ardjomand N, Theoharis S, George AJ, Larkin DF (2002) Effect of administration of CTLA4-Ig as protein or cDNA on corneal allograft survival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43: 1095–1103

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cursiefen C, Schlotzer-Schrehardt U, Kuchle M, Sorokin L, Breiteneder-Geleff S, Alitalo K, Jackson D (2002) Lymphatic vessels in vascularized human corneas: immunohistochemical investigation using LYVE-1 and podoplanin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43: 2127–2135

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dieffenbach JB (1831) Beiträge zur Verpflanzung der Hornhaut. Festschr Ophthalmol (von Ammon) 1: 172–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Fehervari Z, Rayner SA, Oral HB, George AJ, Larkin DF (1997) Gene transfer to ex vivo stored corneas. Cornea 16: 459–464

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filatov VP (1937) Transplantation of the cornea from preserved cadavers' eyes. Lancet 1: 1395–1397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foster CS, Barney NP (1992) Systemic acyclovir and penetrating keratoplasty for herpes simplex keratitis. Doc Ophthalmol 80: 363–369

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Game DS, Lechler RI (2002) Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance. Transpl Immunol 10: 101–108

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • George AJ, Arancibia-Carcamo CV, Awad HM, Comer RM, Fehevari Z, King WJ, Kadifachi M, Hudde T, Kerouedan-Lebosse C, Mirza F, Barbaros Oral H, Rayner SA, Tan PH, Tay E, Larkin DF (2000) Gene delivery to the corneal endothelium. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162: 194–200

    Google Scholar 

  • George AJ, Larkin DF (2004) Corneal transplantation: the forgotten graft. Am J Transplant 4: 678–685

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hamrah P, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Dana MR (2003) The corneal stroma is endowed with a significant number of resident dendritic cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44: 581–589

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hargrave SL, Mayhew E, Hegde S, Niederkorn J, Taherzadeh S (2003) Are corneal cells susceptible to antibody-mediated killing in corneal allograft rejection? Transpl Immunol 11: 79–89

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hargrave SL, Taherzadeh S, Hegde S, Niederkorn J (2000) High-risk corneal allografts are capable of stimulating complement dependent cytolytic antibodies. Cornea 19: 521–525

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hart SL, Arancibia-Carcamo CV, Wolfert MA, Mailhos C, O'Reilly NJ, Ali RR, Coutelle C, George AJ, Harbottle RP, Knight AM, Larkin DF, Levinsky RJ, Seymour LW, Thrasher AJ, Kinnon C (1998) Lipid-mediated enhancement of transfection by a nonviral integrintargeting vector. Hum Gene Ther 9: 575–585

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hegde S, Mellon JK, Hargrave SL, Niederkorn JY (2002) Effect of alloantibodies on corneal allograft survival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43: 1012–1018

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hudde T, Minassian DC, Larkin DF (1999) Randomised controlled trial of corticosteroid regimens in endothelial corneal allograft rejection. Br J Ophthalmol 83: 1348–1352

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hudde T, Rayner SA, Comer RM, Weber M, Isaacs JD, Waldmann H, Larkin DF, George AJ (1999) Activated polyamidoamine dendrimers, a non-viral vector for gene transfer to the corneal endothelium. Gene Ther 6: 939–943

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hudde T, Rayner SA, De Alwis M, Thrasher AJ, Smith J, Coffin RS, George AJ, Larkin DF (2000) Adeno-associated and herpes simplex viruses as vectors for gene transfer to the corneal endothelium. Cornea 19: 369–373

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joseph A, Raj D, Shanmuganathan V, Powell R, Dua H (2007) Tacrolimus immunosuppression in high-risk corneal grafts. Br J Ophthalmol 91: 51–55

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khaireddin R, Wachtlin J, Hopfenmuller W, Hoffmann F (2003) HLA-A, HLA-B and HLA-DR matching reduces the rate of corneal allograft rejection. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 241: 1020–1028

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khodadoust AA, Silverstein AM (1966) Studies on the heterotopic transplantation of cornea to the skin. Surv Ophthalmol 11: 435–443

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khodadoust AA, Silverstein AM (1969) The survival and rejection of epithelium in experimental corneal transplants. Invest Ophthalmol 8: 169–179

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khodadoust AA, Silverstein AM (1972) Studies on the nature of the privilege enjoyed by corneal allografts. Invest Ophthalmol 11: 137–148

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khodadoust AA, Silverstein AM (1976) Induction of corneal graft rejection by passive cell transfer. Invest Ophthalmol 15: 89–95

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Klebe S, Coster DJ, Sykes PJ, Swinburne S, Hallsworth P, Scheerlinck JP, Krishnan R, Williams KA (2005) Prolongation of sheep corneal allograft survival by transfer of the gene encoding ovine IL-12-p40 but not IL-4 to donor corneal endothelium. J Immunol 175: 2219–2226

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larkin DF (1994) Corneal allograft rejection. Br J Ophthalmol 78: 649–652

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larkin DF, Alexander RA, Cree IA (1997) Infiltrating inflammatory cell phenotypes and apoptosis in rejected human corneal allografts. Eye 11: 68–74

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Larkin DF, Calder VL, Lightman SL (1997) Identification and characterization of cells infiltrating the graft and aqueous humour in rat corneal allograft rejection. Clin Exp Immunol 107: 381–391

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsen CP, Elwood ET, Alexander DZ, Ritchie SC, Hendrix R, Tucker-Burden C, Cho HR, Aruffo A, Hollenbaugh D, Linsley PS, Winn KJ, Pearson TC (1996) Long-term acceptance of skin and cardiac allografts after blocking CD40 and CD28 pathways. Nature 381: 434–438

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu Y, Hamrah P, Zhang Q, Taylor AW, Dana MR (2002) Draining lymph nodes of corneal transplant hosts exhibit evidence for donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-positive dendritic cells derived from MHC class II-negative grafts. J Exp Med 195: 259–268

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lorenzetti DW, Kaufman HE (1966) Experimental production of graft reactions with suppression by topical corticosteroids. Arch Ophthalmol 76: 274–281

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nelken D, Nelken E, Michaelson IC, Gurevitch J (1957) Studies on antigens in the human cornea and their relationship to corneal grafting in man. J Lab Clin Med 49: 745

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ono SJ (2004) The birth of transplantation immunology: the Billingham-Medawar experiments at Birmingham University and University College London. 1951. J Exp Biol 207: 4013–4014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Oral HB, Larkin DF, Fehervari Z, Byrnes AP, Rankin AM, Haskard DO, Wood MJ, Dallman MJ, George AJ (1997) Ex vivo adenovirusmediated gene transfer and immunomodulatory protein production in human cornea. Gene Ther 4: 639–647

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pahor D, Gracner B, Falez M, Gracner T (2007) Changing indications for penetrating keratoplasty over a 20-year period, 1985–2004. Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd 224: 110–114

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel SV, Hodge DO, Bourne WM (2005) Corneal endothelium and postoperative outcomes 15 years after penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 139: 311–319

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pels E, van der Gaag R (1984) HLA-A,B,C, and HLA-DR antigens and dendritic cells in fresh and organ culture preserved corneas. Cornea 3: 231–239

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Philipp W, Gottinger W (1993) Leukocyte adhesion molecules in diseased corneas. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 34: 2449–2459

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pleyer U, Milani JK, Dukes A, Chou J, Lutz S, Ruckert D, Thiel HJ, Mondino BJ (1995) Effect of topically applied anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies on orthotopic corneal allografts in a rat model. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 36: 52–61

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Price MO, Price FW Jr (2006) Efficacy of topical cyclosporine 0.05% for prevention of cornea transplant rejection episodes. Ophthalmology 113: 1785–1790

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhard T, Bohringer D, Enczmann J, Kogler G, Mayweg S, Wernet P, Sundmacher R (2003) HLA class I and II matching improves prognosis in penetrating normal-risk keratoplasty. Dev Ophthalmol 36: 42–49

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhard T, Bohringer D, Enczmann J, Kogler G, Mayweg S, Wernet P, Sundmacher R (2004) Improvement of graft prognosis in penetrating normal-risk keratoplasty by HLA class I and II matching. Eye 18: 269–277

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhard T, Bohringer D, Enczmann J, Kogler G, Wernet P, Bohringer S, Sundmacher R (2004) HLA class I/II matching and chronic endothelial cell loss in penetrating normal risk keratoplasty. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 82: 13–18

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhard T, Mayweg S, Reis A, Sundmacher R (2005) Topical FK506 as immunoprophylaxis after allogeneic penetrating normal-risk keratoplasty: a randomized clinical pilot study. Transpl Int 18: 193–197

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reinhard T, Mayweg S, Sokolovska Y, Seitz B, Mittelviefhaus H, Engelmann K, Voiculescu A, Godehardt E, Sundmacher R (2005) Systemic mycophenolate mofetil avoids immune reactions in penetrating high-risk keratoplasty: preliminary results of an ongoing prospectively randomized multicentre study. Transpl Int 18: 703–708

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reis A, Reinhard T, Voiculescu A, Kutkuhn B, Godehardt E, Spelsberg H, Althaus C, Sundmacher R (1999) Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporin A in high risk keratoplasty patients: a prospectively randomised clinical trial. Br J Ophthalmol 83: 1268–1271

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Reisinger FR (1824) Die Keratoplastik. Ein Versuch zur Erweiterung der Augenheilkunde. Bayrische Annalen 1: 207

    Google Scholar 

  • Richter S (1965) Untersuchung über Isoantikörper bei Keratoplastik. Graefe's Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 168: 131–135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers NJ, Lechler RI (2001) Allorecognition. Am J Transplant 1: 97–102

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saini JS, Jain AK, Sukhija J, Saroha V (2003) Indications and outcome of optical partial thickness lamellar keratoplasty. Cornea 22: 111–113

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seitz B, Langenbucher A, Kus MM, Kuchle M, Naumann GO (1999) Nonmechanical corneal trephination with the excimer laser improves outcome after penetrating keratoplasty. Ophthalmology 106: 1156–1164; discussion 1165

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimazaki J, Shimmura S, Ishioka M, Tsubota K (2002) Randomized clinical trial of deep lamellar keratoplasty vs penetrating keratoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 134: 159–165

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shimmura S, Tsubota K (2006) Deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 17: 349–355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simon M, Fellner P, El-Shabrawi Y, Ardjomand N (2004) Influence of donor storage time on corneal allograft survival. Ophthalmology 111: 1534–1538

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sloper CM, Powell RJ, Dua HS (2001) Tacrolimus (FK506) in the management of high-risk corneal and limbal grafts. Ophthalmology 108: 1838–1844

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Solano JM, Hodge DO, Bourne WM (2003) Keratometric astigmatism after suture removal in penetrating keratoplasty: double running versus single running suture techniques. Cornea 22: 716–720

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Streilein JW (2003) New thoughts on the immunology of corneal transplantation. Eye 17: 943–948

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Streilein JW, Masli S, Takeuchi M, Kezuka T (2002) The eye's view of antigen presentation. Hum Immunol 63: 435–443

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sundmacher R (2003) A clinician's outlook on HLA matching for keratoplasty. Dev Ophthalmol 36: 89–97

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Suwan-Apichon O, Reyes JM, Griffin NB, Barker J, Gore P, Chuck RS (2006) Microkeratome versus femtosecond laser predissection of corneal grafts for anterior and posterior lamellar keratoplasty. Cornea 25: 966–968

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tambasco FP, Cohen EJ, Nguyen LH, Rapuano CJ, Laibson PR (1999) Oral acyclovir after penetrating keratoplasty for herpes simplex keratitis. Arch Ophthalmol 117: 445–449

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuberville AW, Foster CS, Wood TO (1983) The effect of donor cornea epithelium removal on the incidence of allograft rejection reactions. Ophthalmology 90: 1351–1356

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • van Rooij J, Rijneveld WJ, Remeijer L, Volker-Dieben HJ, Eggink CA, Geerards AJ, Mulder PG, Doornenbal P, Beekhuis WH (2003) Effect of oral acyclovir after penetrating keratoplasty for herpetic keratitis: a placebo-controlled multicenter trial. Ophthalmology 110: 1916–1919; discussion 1919

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Volker-Dieben HJ, Schreuder GM, Claas FH, Doxiadis II, Schipper RF, Pels E, Persijn GG, Smits J, D'Amaro J (2003) Histocompatibility and corneal transplantation. Dev Ophthalmol 36: 22–41

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • von Hippel A (1878) Über Transplantation der Cornea. Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 24: 235–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang X, Appukuttan B, Ott S, Patel R, Irvine J, Song J, Park JH, Smith R, Stout JT (2000) Efficient and sustained transgene expression in human corneal cells mediated by a lentiviral vector. Gene Ther 7: 196–200

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watson MP, George AJ, Larkin DF (2006) Differential effects of costimulatory pathway modulation on corneal allograft survival. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 47: 3417–3422

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson SL, Ramsay A, Dart JK, Bunce C, Craig E (2004) Comparison of deep lamellar keratoplasty and penetrating keratoplasty in patients with keratoconus. Ophthalmology 111: 1676–1682

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Watson SL, Tuft SJ, Dart JK (2006) Patterns of rejection after deep lamellar keratoplasty. Ophthalmology 113: 556–560

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weijtens O, Schoemaker RC, Romijn FP, Cohen AF, Lentjes EG, van Meurs JC (2002) Intraocular penetration and systemic absorption after topical application of dexamethasone disodium phosphate. Ophthalmology 109: 1887–1891

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams KA, Ash JK, Pararajasegaram P, Harris S, Coster DJ (1991) Long-term outcome after corneal transplantation. Visual result and patient perception of success. Ophthalmology 98: 651–657

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams KA, Jessup CF, Coster DJ (2004) Gene therapy approaches to prolonging corneal allograft survival. Expert Opin Biol Ther 4: 1059–1071

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Williams KA, Muehlberg SM, Lewis RF, Coster DJ (1995) How successful is corneal transplantation? A report from the Australian Corneal Graft Register. Eye 9: 219–227

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Williams KA, Roder D, Esterman A, Muehlberg SM, Coster DJ (1992) Factors predictive of corneal graft survival. Report from the Australian Corneal Graft Registry. Ophthalmology 99: 403–414

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wolf P, Jaeck D (2001) Xenograft: perpetual future of transplantation? Ann Chir 126: 101–103

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zirm E (1906) Eine erfolgreiche totale Keratoplastik. Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 64: 580

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Augenklinik, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria

    N. Ardjomand, C. Faschinger, Y. El-Shabrawi & A. Wedrich

  2. Universitäts-Hautklinik, Medizinische Universität Graz, Austria

    N. Ardjomand & P. Komericki

  3. Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK

    J. C. McAlister

Authors
  1. N. Ardjomand
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. P. Komericki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. C. McAlister
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. Faschinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Y. El-Shabrawi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Wedrich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. Ardjomand.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ardjomand, N., Komericki, P., McAlister, J. et al. 100 Jahre erfolgreiche Hornhauttransplantation. Spektrum Augenheilkd. 21, 144–153 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-007-0202-4

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00717-007-0202-4

Key words

Schlüsselwörter

Search

Navigation