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Ba- and Ti-rich oxymica from nephelinites in the Middle Atlas Volcanic Province, northern Morocco

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Abstract

A Ba- and Ti-rich mica (up to 14.0 wt% BaO and 13.1 wt% TiO2) occurs in nephelinites from the Middle Atlas Volcanic Province, Morocco. The rocks show a porphyritic texture composed of olivine, Ti-rich augite, nepheline and Ti-rich magnetite. Oxyphlogopite is found in secondary assemblages consisting of zeolites, clinopyroxene and Ti-oxides. This mineral occurs mostly as euhedral to subhedral crystals lining the walls of zeolitic veinlets and cavities in the nephelinites. The coupled substitutions of (1) Ba for K in the interlayer site and Si for Al in the tetrahedral site and (2) Ti4+ for Mg in the octahedral site and O2− in the (OH, F) site are major mechanisms of Ba and Ti incorporation in these micas. The average structural formula, calculated on the basis of 12 (O, OH, F, Cl), is (Si2.515-Al1.482-Fe3+0.003)4.000 (Al0.050-Ti0.661-Fe2+0.798-Mn0.012-Mg1.500)3.021 (Ca0.014-Ba0.398-Na0.066-K0.502)0.980 O10 (F0.308-Cl0.009-O1.319-OH0.365)2.001, suggesting a combination of oxyphlogopite and oxykinoshitalite, with contribution from the hypothetical end-member “Ti-eastonite”. Ba- and Ti-rich oxymica in the nephelinites may have crystallized under the influence of Ba-rich fluids derived from nephelinitic melts during late magmatic stages. The Ba enrichment in the host nephelinites indicates a lithospheric mantle source enriched by the circulation of metasomatic fluids.

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Acknowledgments

Special thanks to Anton Chakhmouradian for the thorough reviews of the manuscript, and to Maarten A.T.M. Broekmans for the editorial revision and insightful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Géosciences Appliquées à l’Ingénierie de l’Aménagement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco

    Kawtar Lakroud, Toufik Remmal & Samira Makhoukhi

  2. CNRS, Institut des Sciences de la Terre de Paris (iSTeP), Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, 4 place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France

    Hélène Balcone-Boissard

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  1. Kawtar Lakroud
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  2. Toufik Remmal
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  3. Samira Makhoukhi
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  4. Hélène Balcone-Boissard
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Correspondence to Kawtar Lakroud.

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Editorial handling: A. R. Chakhmouradian

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Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

Major and trace element compositions of host nephelinites from Aguelmane Sidi Ali. Major oxides in wt% and trace elements in ppm. LLD for major and trace elements is in wt% and μg/g respectively (DOCX 24 kb)

ESM 2

Trace element patterns of host nephelinites form Aguelmane Sidi Ali. Chondrite-normalized Rare Earth elements (REE) patterns. (b) Primitive mantle-normalized elements spectra. Normalization values are from Sun and McDonough (1989). The grey fields are from Bosch et al. 2014 (DOCX 25022 kb)

ESM 3

Compositions (wt%) of rock forming and accessory minerals from Aguelmane Sidi Ali (DOCX 74 kb)

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ESM 5

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High Resolution (EPS 1233 kb)

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Lakroud, K., Remmal, T., Makhoukhi, S. et al. Ba- and Ti-rich oxymica from nephelinites in the Middle Atlas Volcanic Province, northern Morocco. Miner Petrol 114, 119–128 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00710-019-00691-x

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