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Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes involved in somatic embryogenesis and podophyllotoxin biosynthesis of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T. S. Ying

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Abstract

Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T. S. Ying, an important source of podophyllotoxin (PTOX), has become a rare and endangered plant because of over-harvesting. Somatic embryogenesis (SE) is the main way of seedling rapid propagation and germplasm enhancement, but the regeneration of S. hexandrum has not been well established, and the PTOX biosynthesis abilities at different SE stages remain unclear. Therefore, it is extremely important to elucidate the SE mechanism of S. hexandrum and clarify the biosynthesis variation of PTOX. In this study, the transcriptomes of S. hexandrum at different SE stages were sequenced, the contents of PTOX and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin were assayed, and the transcript expression patterns were validated by qRT-PCR. The results revealed that plant hormone (such as auxins, abscisic acid, zeatin, and gibberellins) related pathways were significantly enriched among different SE stages, indicating these plant hormones play important roles in SE of S. hexandrum; the expression levels of a series of PTOX biosynthesis related genes as well as PTOX and 4'-demethylepipodophyllotoxin contents were much higher in embryogenic callus stage than in the other stages, suggesting embryogenic callus stage has the best PTOX biosynthesis ability among different SE stages. This study will contribute to germplasm conservation and fast propagation of S. hexandrum, and facilitate the production of PTOX.

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Data availability

The RNA-seq raw data have been deposited in NCBI database with the accessions numbers of SAMN29987050, SAMN29987051, SAMN29987052, and SAMN29987053. The other data presented in this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31860086).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, 750002, Gansu, China

    Shenghu Guo, Yuchao Chen & Yongxing Zhu

  2. Ningxia Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, Yinchuan, 750002, Gansu, China

    Shenghu Guo, Yuchao Chen & Yongxing Zhu

  3. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden, Memorial Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu, China

    Mei Tian

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  1. Shenghu Guo
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  2. Yuchao Chen
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  3. Yongxing Zhu
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  4. Mei Tian
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Contributions

SG and MT designed the experiments. SG, YC, and YZ conducted the experiments. MT analyzed the data. SG and MT prepared the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shenghu Guo or Mei Tian.

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Guo, S., Chen, Y., Zhu, Y. et al. Transcriptome analysis reveals differentially expressed genes involved in somatic embryogenesis and podophyllotoxin biosynthesis of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T. S. Ying. Protoplasma 260, 1221–1232 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-023-01843-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-023-01843-9

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