Abstract
Calcium is a secondary messenger that regulates and coordinates the cellular responses to environmental cues. Despite calcium being a key player during fertilization in plants, little is known about its role during the development of the endosperm. For this reason, the distribution, abundance, and dynamics of cytosolic calcium during the first stages of endosperm development of Agave tequilana and Agave salmiana were analyzed. Cytosolic calcium and actin filaments detected in the embryo sacs of Agave tequilana and A. salmiana revealed that they play an important role during the division and nuclear migration of the endosperm. After fertilization, a relatively high concentration of cytosolic calcium was located in the primary nucleus of the endosperm, as well as around migrating nuclei during the development of the endosperm. Cytosolic calcium participates actively during the first mitosis of the endosperm mother cell and interacts with the actin filaments that generate the motor forces during the migration of the nuclei through the large cytoplasm of the central cell.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank L.M. Sánchez-Noriega and L. Díaz-Godínez for their help at the CIATEJ Confocal Microscopy Laboratory. Also, the authors thank the five anonymous referees that allowed the improvement of the manuscript, as well as the advice of the editor in chief and the handling editor, and to B. Rodríguez-Julián for linguistic corrections.
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This research was carried out with the support of the Frontiers of Science Program of the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACyT-Mexico), Project 544, and Project PlanTECC CONACyT-Mexico No. 2018-293362.
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Barranco-Guzmán, A.M., González-Gutiérrez, A.G., Rout, N.P. et al. Cytosolic calcium localization and dynamics during early endosperm development in the genus Agave (Asparagales, Asparagaceae). Protoplasma 256, 1079–1092 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-019-01366-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-019-01366-2