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Theoretical analysis of the mechanical behavior in Li–ion battery cylindrical electrodes with phase transformation

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Abstract

Diffusion-induced stress caused by the insertion and extraction of lithium ions can result in the swelling, fracture, and even pulverization of the battery electrodes. However, only a few previous studies consider the phenomenon of phase transformation in an electrode and rarely take the impacts of cylindrical shape with transversely isotropic properties into account. In this paper, by researching the electronic reaction and diffusion process, a new theoretical model is established to study the stress level and mechanical behavior in cylindrical electrodes with phase transformation under galvanostatic operation. From the model, the brittle center and edge cracks are analyzed to investigate the influence of the initiation position on crack propagation. The tangential stress plays an important role in cracking on the electrodes. Furthermore, it is found for the center crack that it tends to grow more easily in the first insertion when the crack locates at the phase interface position, while for the edge crack, it tends to grow more easily in the early stage of lithium ion extraction. Moreover, manufacturing the electrodes with the appropriate property ratios, the diffusion-induced stress level and brittle crack-induced stress intensity factor value may decrease, and the electrode fracture phenomenon could be alleviated to some degree. Overall, our work provides a theoretical basis for the electrode phase transformation and cracking when the battery is working, and it may help us understand more about the internal mechanical behavior of the battery electrodes.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Guizhou Provincial General Undergraduate Higher Education Technology Supporting Talent Support Program (KY(2018)043), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX19_0852), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10502025, 10872087, 11272143), the Program for Chinese New Century Excellent Talents in university (NCET-12-0712), the Key University Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province (17KJA130002), as well as the Ph.D. programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20133221110008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

    Li Weng, Chengjun Xu, Bingbing Chen, Jianqiu Zhou & Fei Wang

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China

    Jianqiu Zhou

  3. School of Mechatronics Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China

    Jianqiu Zhou

  4. State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu Province, China

    Rui Cai

  5. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 210000, Jiangsu Province, China

    Jianqiu Zhou

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  1. Li Weng
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  3. Bingbing Chen
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Correspondence to Jianqiu Zhou or Rui Cai.

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Appendix

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Table 1 Material properties and operating parameters
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Weng, L., Xu, C., Chen, B. et al. Theoretical analysis of the mechanical behavior in Li–ion battery cylindrical electrodes with phase transformation. Acta Mech 231, 1045–1062 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-019-02589-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-019-02589-3

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