Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Precipitation of silica from zinc process solution

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Monatshefte für Chemie - Chemical Monthly Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Precipitation of silica in concentrated sulfuric acid solutions was studied with laboratory-scale batch experiments. The effects of initial silicic acid concentration, temperature, and sulfuric acid concentration were studied. It was observed also in this work that the high ionic strength of the leaching solution drastically decreased the solubility of silica. The solubility was also studied using Gibbs energy minimization method and Pitzer model using the ChemSheet program. Good agreement was obtained between the model and experimental results. The precipitation reaction of silica was observed to follow a pseudo-first-order rate law. Based on the rate law used, an activation energy of 61.7 kJ mol−1 was estimated. This implies a reaction-controlled mechanism of precipitation.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Terry B (1983) Hydrometallurgy 10:135

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Terry B (1983) Hydrometallurgy 10:151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Matthew IG, Elsner D (1977) Metall Trans B 8:73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Safari V, Arzpeyma G, Rashchi F, Mostoufi N (2009) Int J Miner Process 93:79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Seiji I, Kimihiro S (1998) Method for processing zinc silicate-containing zinc crude material. European Patent 0851034 A1, Jul 1, 1998 [(1998) Chem Abstr 129:83963]

  6. Dufresne RE (1976) JOM 28:8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Radino HL (1957) Process of zinc extraction from ores comprising soluble silicates by means of hydrometallurgy. Austr Patent 224:195

    Google Scholar 

  8. Perry W (1966) Chem Eng 73:182

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Queneau PB, Berthold CE (1986) Can Metall Q 25:201

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Fugleberg SP, Poijärvi JTI (1979) Hydrometallurgical treatment of soluble silicate-bearing zinc materials. US Patent 4,148,862 A, Apr 10, 1979 [(1982) Chem Abstr 96:72426]

  11. Cooper RMG (1998) Silica precipitation from electrolytic zinc solutions. Ph.D. dissertation. Curtin University of Technology, Australia

  12. Gunnarsson I, Arnórsson S (2000) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 64:2295

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Marshall WL, Chen CTA (1982) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46:289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dove PM, Rimstidt JD (1994) In: Heaney PJ, Prewitt CT, Gibbs GV (eds) Silica: physical behavior, geochemistry and material applications. Mineralogical Society of America, Washigton, DC

  15. Shimada K, Tarutani T (1979) J Chromatogr 168:401

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ostwald W (1896) Lehrbuch der Allgemeinen Chemie, vol 2. Leipzig, Germany

  17. Wagner C (1961) Z Elektrochem 35:581

    Google Scholar 

  18. Alexander GB (1954) J Am Chem Soc 76:2094

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Baumann H (1959) Kolloid Z 162:28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Bishop AD, Bear JL (1972) Thermochim Acta 3:399

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Conrad CF, Yasuhara H, Bandstra JZ, Icopini GA, Brantley SL, Heaney PJ (2007) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:531

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Crerar D, Axtmann EV, Axtmann RC (1981) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 45:1259

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Goto K (1956) J Phys Chem 60:1007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Icopini GA, Brantley SL, Heaney PJ (2005) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69:293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kitahara S (1960) Rev Phys Chem Jpn 30:131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Makrides AC, Turner M, Slaughter J (1980) J Colloid Interface Sci 73:345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Okamoto G, Okura T, Goto K (1957) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 12:123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Rothbaum HP, Rhode AG (1979) J Colloid Interface Sci 71:533

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Weres O, Yee A, Tsao L (1981) J Colloid Interface Sci 84:379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Koukkari P, Penttilä K, Hack K, Petersen S (2000) Microstructures, mechanical properties and processes computer simulation and modeling. Wiley, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  31. Pitzer KS, Kim JJ (1974) J Am Chem Soc 96:5701

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Walther JV, Helgeson HC (1977) Am J Sci 277:1315

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Richet P, Bottinga Y, Denielou L, Petitet JP, Tequi C (1982) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46:2639

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Sippola H (1992) Solubility of ferrous sulfate in sulfuric acid—a thermodynamic model. Licentiate’s Thesis. Helsinki University of Technology

  35. Kobylin P (2011) Proc Eur Metall Conf 3:957

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Azaroual M, Fouillac C, Matray JM (1997) Chem Geol 140:155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Accornero M, Marini L (2009) Appl Geochem 24:747

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Shock EL, Oelkers EH, Johnson JW, Sverjensky DA, Helgeson HC (1992) J Chem Soc Faraday Trans 88:803

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Königsberger E (2001) Monatsh Chem 132:1363

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Sippola H (2012) Thermochim Acta 532:65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Pitzer KS, Mayorga G (1973) J Phys Chem 77:2300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Criss CM, Millero FJ (1996) J Phys Chem 100:1288

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Rogers PSZ, Pitzer KS (1981) J Phys Chem 85:2886

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Pitzer KS, Mayorga G (1974) J Solut Chem 3:539

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Königsberger E, Eriksson G (1995) Calphad 19:207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Christov C (2004) J Chem Thermodyn 36:223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Phutela RC, Pitzer KS (1986) J Phys Chem 90:895

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Kobylin PM, Taskinen PA (2012) Calphad 38:146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Morachevskiy YV, Piryutko MM (1956) Russ Chem Bull 5:917

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Marshall W (1980) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:907

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Elmer TH, Nordberg ME (1958) J Am Ceram Soc 41:517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Chen CTA, Marshall W (1982) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46:279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Marshall W, Chen CTA (1982) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 46:289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Tobler DJ, Shaw S, Liane GB (2009) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 73:5377

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hurd CB, Barclay RW (1940) J Phys Chem 44:847

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Gorrepati EA, Wongthahan P, Raha S, Fogler HS (2010) Langmuir 26:10467

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Carroll S, Mroczek E, Alai M, Ebert M (1998) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 62:1379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Fleming BA (1986) J Colloid Interface Sci 110:40

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Rimstidt JD, Barnes HL (1980) Geochim Cosmochim Acta 44:1683

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Yatabe J, Yamada S, Ikawa T, Kageyama T (1992) Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 5:565

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Boliden Kokkola and AdChem (Tekes, 1792/31/2016) Project are gratefully acknowledged for research funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit of Sustainable Chemistry, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 3000, 90014, Oulu, Finland

    Tuomas Vielma & Ulla Lassi

  2. Boliden Kokkola, Sinkkiaukio 1, 67100, Kokkola, Finland

    Justin Salminen

Authors
  1. Tuomas Vielma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ulla Lassi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Justin Salminen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Tuomas Vielma.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Vielma, T., Lassi, U. & Salminen, J. Precipitation of silica from zinc process solution. Monatsh Chem 149, 313–321 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-017-2054-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-017-2054-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation