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Role of Tim-3 in COVID-19: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target

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Abstract

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein 3 (Tim-3), an immune checkpoint, is important for maintaining immune tolerance. There is increasing evidence that Tim-3 is aberrantly expressed in patients with COVID-19, indicating that it may play an important role in COVID-19. In this review, we discuss the altered expression and potential role of Tim-3 in COVID-19. The expression of Tim-3 and its soluble form (sTim-3) has been found to be upregulated in COVID-19 patients. The levels of Tim-3 on T cells and circulating sTim-3 have been shown to be associated with the severity of COVID-19, suggesting that this protein could be a potential biomarker of COVID-19. Moreover, this review also highlights the potential of Tim-3 as a therapeutic target of COVID-19.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions, which helped us to improve the manuscript.

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32000650) and the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (Grant No. 232300421292).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, Henan, China

    Haodong Ma, Shengju Ren, Qingpeng Meng, Boyuan Su, Kun Wang, YiChen Liu & Xin Li

  2. Department of Urology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital, 450003, Zhengzhou, Henan, China

    Junpeng Wang & Degang Ding

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou University, 450001, Zhengzhou, Henan, China

    Xin Li

  4. State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou University, 450052, Zhengzhou, Henan, China

    Xin Li

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  1. Haodong Ma
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Ma, H., Ren, S., Meng, Q. et al. Role of Tim-3 in COVID-19: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target. Arch Virol 168, 213 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05842-2

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