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Detection and full-genotype determination of rare and reassortant rotavirus A strains in Nizhny Novgorod in the European part of Russia

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Abstract

Reassortant DS-1-like rotavirus A strains have been shown to circulate widely in many countries around the world. In Russia, the prevalence of such strains remains unclear due to the preferred use of the traditional binary classification system. In this work, we obtained partial sequence data from all 11 genome segments and determined the full-genotype constellations of rare and reassortant rotaviruses circulating in Nizhny Novgorod in 2016–2019. DS-1-like G3P[8] and G8P[8] strains were found, reflecting the global trend. Most likely, these strains were introduced into the territory of Russia from other countries but subsequently underwent further evolutionary changes locally. G3P[8], G9P[8], and G12P[8] Wa-like strains of subgenotypic lineages that are unusual for the territory of Russia were also identified. Reassortant G2P[8], G4P[4], and G9P[4] strains with one Wa-like gene (VP4 or VP7) on a DS-1-like backbone were found, and these apparently had a local origin. Feline-like G3P[9] and G6P[9] strains were found to be phylogenetically close to BA222 isolated from a cat in Italy but carried some traces of reassortment with human strains from Russia and other countries. Thus, full-genotype determination of rotavirus A strains in Nizhny Novgorod has clarified some questions related to their origin and evolution.

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Funding

This study was supported by the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing and by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-34-00586).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of molecular epidemiology of viral infections, I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation

    Tatiana A. Sashina, E. I. Velikzhanina, O. V. Morozova, N. V. Epifanova & N. A. Novikova

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  1. Tatiana A. Sashina
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  2. E. I. Velikzhanina
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  3. O. V. Morozova
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  4. N. V. Epifanova
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  5. N. A. Novikova
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Contributions

TAS conceived and designed the experiments. TAS, EIV, OVM, and NVE performed the experiments. TAS and EIV analyzed the data. TAS and NAN wrote the manuscript. All authors revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tatiana A. Sashina.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. The patient identities were de-linked from their unique laboratory identifiers to ensure confidentiality.

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Communicated by Tim Skern

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Sashina, T.A., Velikzhanina, E.I., Morozova, O.V. et al. Detection and full-genotype determination of rare and reassortant rotavirus A strains in Nizhny Novgorod in the European part of Russia. Arch Virol 168, 215 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-023-05838-y

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