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Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of a multifocal cutaneous orf virus with mixed bacterial infection outbreak in goats in Fujian province, China

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Abstract

Outbreaks of orf virus on goat farms are common in China. In this study, we investigated a severe multifocal cutaneous orf virus outbreak with a correlative mixed bacterial infection which persisted for up to 6 months, and which had a high morbidity (93.7%) and mortality (15%) among kids in a herd of crossbreed goats in Fujian province in China. The disease was diagnosed as an orf virus (ORFV XD strain) infection associating with Streptococcus pluranimalium and Staphylococcus, identified using standard virological and bacteriological techniques. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analyses of the whole ORFV 011 (B2L), 059 (F1L), 032 and 080 genes revealed that the even though the virus phylogeny was clustered in branches of conventional orf virus strains, it nonetheless evidenced high variation within this subset. Furthermore, the sequences from the ORFV 080 gene allowed us to distinguish between the different strains at a higher resolution and these observations afforded us a comparative view of the ORFV 080 gene. This is the first report describing an outbreak of severe multifocal cutaneous orf virus with associated bacterial infection in China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, People’s Republic of China

    Xuelin Chi & Xiancheng Zeng

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    Shuhong Luo

Authors
  1. Xuelin Chi
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  2. Xiancheng Zeng
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  3. Shuhong Luo
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiancheng Zeng.

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Funding

This study was supported by grants (No. 31070138 and No. 31170147) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC).

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

All applicable international guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. The goat experimental design and protocols used in this study have been approved by Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Animal Care Committee (Certification Number: CNFJAC0027).

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Chi, X., Zeng, X. & Luo, S. Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of a multifocal cutaneous orf virus with mixed bacterial infection outbreak in goats in Fujian province, China. Arch Virol 162, 2997–3006 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3424-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-017-3424-z

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