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Evaluating the effectiveness of CHIRPS data for hydroclimatic studies

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Abstract

Long-term gridded precipitation products (GPPs) are crucial for climatology and hydrological research to overcome the limitations of gauge observations. Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) provides long-term daily precipitation data over the globe from 1981 to near-present, but its reliability varies across regions. This review aims to summarize the performance of CHIRPS from 123 research articles that mainly published between 2015 and 2021.The findings show that the number of CHIRPS validation studies has been increased dramatically in the past few years. These studies were primarily conducted in China, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, and India, while a relatively few studies in North America, Central Asia, and Europe. The performance of CHIRPS varied depending on geographical location and climate condition, with greater performance in Africa. In contrast to other GPPs, CHIRPS is always not the best product, but it is considerably well in capturing monthly precipitation and is suitable for assessing drought. But, there are some common limitations such as less effectiveness across regions with sparse gauges and complex terrain and difficulty in detecting extremely high precipitation events. Future research directions on this topic should focus on (1) enhancing CHIPRS through bias correction and downscaling, (2) validating CHIRPS for extreme indices’ calculations and relate to large-scale atmospheric circulations like ENSO, (3) evaluating the capability of CHIRPS in hydrological modelling, and (4) further validating CHIRPS under various topographical and climate conditions as well as other precipitation products. This review can act as a reference to scientists who wish to apply CHIRPS in their climatology analysis and hydroclimatic modelling as well as the developers to further improve the product.

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Data availability

CHIRPS can be retrieved from the website (https://www.chc.ucsb.edu/data/chirps).

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Acknowledgements

We would also like to thank the editor and reviewers for their suggestions that improved this paper.

Funding

This research was funded by the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia under Long-term Research Grant Scheme project 2, grant number LRGS/1/2020/UKM-USM/01/6/2, which is under the program of LRGS/1/2020/UKM/01/6.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GeoInformatic Unit, Geography Section, School of Humanities, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Penang, Malaysia

    Hongrong Du & Mou Leong Tan

  2. School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Mou Leong Tan & Longhui Li

  3. College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China

    Fei Zhang

  4. Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK

    Kwok Pan Chun

  5. Department of Agricultural Extension and Information System, Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Muhammad Humayun Kabir

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  1. Hongrong Du
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Contributions

M. L. T. contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by H. D. The first draft of the manuscript was written by H. D.; other authors commented and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mou Leong Tan.

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Du, H., Tan, M.L., Zhang, F. et al. Evaluating the effectiveness of CHIRPS data for hydroclimatic studies. Theor Appl Climatol 155, 1519–1539 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-023-04721-9

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