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Intercomparison of the impact of INSAT-3D atmospheric motion vectors in 3DVAR and hybrid ensemble-3DVAR data assimilation systems during Indian summer monsoon

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Abstract

The impact of observations in a data assimilation (DA) may depend on various factors, and one aspect that can affect the impact is the specification of the background error covariance matrix. The present study compares the impact of INSAT-3D atmospheric motion vector (AMV) observations in traditional three-dimensional variational (3DVAR) DA system and hybrid ensemble transform Kalman filter (ETKF)-3DVAR DA system (HYBRID) available in Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) modeling system. The objective of the study is to understand how the impact of INSAT-3D AMV observations differ when assimilated using 3DVAR and HYBRID DA systems. The DA experiments are conducted over a ~4-week period of Indian summer monsoon rainfall of July 2016. Four sets of experiments are performed with and without INSAT-3D AMV in both the DA systems. The domain-wide verification with respect to radiosonde observations reveals that forecasts in HYBRID experiments are more accurate than 3DVAR experiments, in general. Geographical distribution depicts the positive impacts of INSAT-3D AMV observations across the domain in both 3DVAR and HYBRID DA systems. The AMV observations show a larger relative impact in HYBRID than in 3DVAR. The relative improvement in HYBRID with AMV DA compared to 3DVAR is 77% and 71% for wind and tropical temperature. The skill scores for quantitative evaluation of precipitation forecast indicate a modest improvement in rainfall for HYBRID run, and incorporating the AMV observation does not considerably enhance the skill of 24-h and 48-h rainfall forecast.

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Data availability

The NCEP global forecast system analyses and forecasts data that is utilized in this study are openly available in the repository https://rda.ucar.edu at https://doi.org/10.5065/D65Q4TSG. Data assimilation is performed using observations derived from NCEP ADP Global Upper Air and Surface Weather Observations archived in the https://rda.ucar.edu at https://doi.org/10.5065/Z83F-N512 and INSAT-3D satellite-derived atmospheric motion vectors from https://www.mosdac.gov.in.

Code availability

The atmospheric model used in this study is Weather Research and Forecast (ARW-WRF) of version 3.8.1, which is openly available for download in https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/get_sources.html. The data assimilation package comes from WRFDA system of 3.8.1 version archived in https://www2.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/download/get_sources.html#WRFDA.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thankfully acknowledge the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology for providing us high performance computing resources.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. North Eastern Space Application Center, Umiam, India

    Rekha Bharali Gogoi & Arup Boroghain

  2. Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Valiamala, India

    Govindan Kutty

Authors
  1. Rekha Bharali Gogoi
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  2. Govindan Kutty
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  3. Arup Boroghain
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Contributions

Rekha Bharali Gogoi performed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. G Kutty analyzed the results. G Kutty and Arup Boroghain supervised the research work.

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Correspondence to Govindan Kutty.

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Gogoi, R.B., Kutty, G. & Boroghain, A. Intercomparison of the impact of INSAT-3D atmospheric motion vectors in 3DVAR and hybrid ensemble-3DVAR data assimilation systems during Indian summer monsoon. Theor Appl Climatol 145, 585–596 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03649-2

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