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The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and its correlation with quality of life and mental health measures among patients with single-level cervical disc disease scheduled for surgery

  • Clinical Article - Spine
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Abstract

Background

The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is widely used as a self-rated disability score in patients with cervical radiculopathy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the NDI score correlated with other assessments of quality of life and mental health in a specific group of patients with single-level cervical disc disease and corresponding radiculopathy.

Methods

One hundred thirty-six patients were included in a prospective, randomized controlled clinical multicenter study on one-level anterior cervical discectomy with arthroplasty (ACDA) versus one-level anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF). The preoperative data were obtained at hospital admission 1 to 3 days prior to surgery. The NDI score was used as the dependent variable and correlation as well as regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship with the short form-36, EuroQol-5Dimension-3 level and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

Results

The mean age at inclusion was 44.1 years (SD ±7.0, range 26–59 years), of which 46.3 % were male. Mean NDI score was 48.6 (SD = 12.3, minimum 30 and maximum 88). Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between NDI and the EuroQol-5Dimension-3 level [R = -0.64, 95 % confidence interval (CI) -30.1– -19.8, p < 0.001] and to a lesser extent between NDI and the short form-36 physical component summary [R = -0.49, 95 % CI (-1.10– -0.58), p < 0.001] and the short form-36 mental component summary [R = -0.25, 95 % CI (-0.47– -0-09), p = 0.004]. Regarding NDI and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, a significant correlation for depression was found [R = 0.26, 95 % CI (0.21–1.73), p = 0.01]. Multiple linear regression analysis showed a statistically significant and the strongest correlation between NDI and the independent variables in the following order: EuroQol-5Dimension-3 level [R = -0.64, 95 % CI (-23.5– -7.9), p <0.001], short form-36 physical component summary [R = -0.41, 95 % CI (-0.93– -0.23), p = 0.001] and short form-36 mental component summary [R = -0.36, 95 % CI (-0.53– -0.15), p = 0.001].

Conclusion

The results from the present study show that the NDI correlated significantly with a different quality of life and mental health measures among patients with single-level cervical disc disease and corresponding radiculopathy.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Vigdis Skogli, Torun Gillebo, Jorund Roos, Camilla Seif and Monica Finkirk for efforts to convene the patients, coordination of investigations and follow-up of the study.

Conflict of interest

The study committee has received a grant from DePuy Synthes Spine (325 Paramount Drive Raynham, MA 02767) for the project to be completed. The study sponsor was not involved in the study design, conduct of the trial, or writing or review of the manuscript. The prostheses implanted were solely financed by the individual hospitals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Postboks 4950, Nydalen, 0424, Oslo, Norway

    J. Sundseth, F. Kolstad & M. Züchner

  2. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    J. Sundseth & J. A. Zwart

  3. Neuroclinic, Center of Spinal Disorder and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinic of Orthopaedics and Rheumatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

    L. G. Johnsen

  4. Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

    A. H. Pripp

  5. National resource center for spinal disorders, University Hospital of Trondheim (St Olavs Hospital HF), Trondheim, Norway

    O. P. Nygaard & H. Andresen

  6. Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Trondheim (St Olavs Hospital HF), Trondheim, Norway

    O. P. Nygaard & O. A. Fredriksli

  7. University of Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway

    O. A. Fredriksli

  8. Department of Neurosurgery, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

    E. Myrseth

  9. Department of Neurology and FORMI, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway

    J. A. Zwart

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  1. J. Sundseth
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  2. F. Kolstad
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  3. L. G. Johnsen
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  9. M. Züchner
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  10. J. A. Zwart
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Correspondence to J. Sundseth.

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Sundseth, J., Kolstad, F., Johnsen, L.G. et al. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and its correlation with quality of life and mental health measures among patients with single-level cervical disc disease scheduled for surgery. Acta Neurochir 157, 1807–1812 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2534-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00701-015-2534-1

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