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Genetic diversity and relationships of wild and cultivated olives in Turkey

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Abstract

In the present study, we proposed to determine the genetic diversity and relationships between local cultivars and wild olive trees from three important olive-growing regions, i.e., Marmara, Aegean, and Mediterranean, of Turkey. This is the first known large-scale molecular study to investigate the relationships between local cultivars and wild olives from the eastern Mediterranean basin. Two hundred and four oleaster trees and 27 cultivars were sampled to represent molecular diversity. We used 11 simple sequence repeat and 13 sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers to assess genetic variations and inter-relationships among the samples. The results of the analysis showed differences in the levels of allelic composition and heterozygosity between cultivated and wild olive trees. The observation of a high proportion of a certain wild-type genetic background in the cultivars may indicate the former use of local wild trees in olive domestication in Turkey, a possible autochthonal origin of cultivars. “Gemlik” was found to be the most common olive cultivar in the Marmara region and most of the wild olive samples from this region may be feral forms derived from cultivar seed spreading. The information obtained from this study can help to assist the management of an olive collection and sheds some light on the origin of Turkish olive cultivars.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Olive Research Institute, Bornova-İzmir for providing the cultivar materials. The authors are also grateful to İbrahim Çelik at the Izmir Institute of Technology for his help in analyzing parts of the data. Finally, special thanks are due to Dr. Ersin Doğaç and Elçin Çağatay for their excellent technical assistance in the laboratory. This work was financially supported by Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Scientific Research Funds (Project Number MSKU-BAP-2011/47).

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  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey

    Berna Yoruk & Vatan Taskin

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  1. Berna Yoruk
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  2. Vatan Taskin
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Correspondence to Vatan Taskin.

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Yoruk, B., Taskin, V. Genetic diversity and relationships of wild and cultivated olives in Turkey. Plant Syst Evol 300, 1247–1258 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-014-1002-3

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