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Karyological relationships among some South American species of Solanum (Solanaceae) based on fluorochrome banding and nuclear DNA amount

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Abstract

Fluorescent chromosome banding and measurements of nuclear DNA content by image cytometry of Feulgen-stained cells were performed in one sample each of eight diploid (2n = 24) species of Solanum: S. endoadenium, S. argentinum, S. pseudocapsicum, S. atropurpureum, S. elaeagnifolium, S. sisymbriifolium, S. chenopodioides, and S. palustre. The species studied could be distinguished by heterochromatin amount, banding patterns, and genome size. They exhibited only GC-rich heterochromatin and showed a comparatively low heterochromatin amount (expressed as percentage of haplotype karyotype length), ranging from 2.10 in S. argentinum to 8.37 in S. chenopodioides. Genome size displayed significant variation between species, with 1C-values ranging from 0.75 pg (735 Mbp) in S. palustre to 1.79 pg (1,754 Mbp) in S. sisymbriifolium. No significant correlation between genome size and heterochromatin amount was observed, but intrachromosomal asymmetry index (A 1) was negative and significantly correlated with heterochromatin amount. DNA content was positively and significantly correlated with karyotype length. DNA C-value distribution in the genus as well as karyotype affinities and relationships between species are discussed in relation to different infrageneric classifications of Solanum.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. G.E. Barboza and Dr. M. Matesevach for identification of voucher specimens, and several botanists who provided material. Dr. A.C. Brasileiro-Vidal supplied valuable assistance in the laboratory. Thanks to the anonymous reviewer for suggestions that improved the paper. M.C. Acosta acknowledges fellowship support from the Latin-American Net of Botany for a study leave at the Department of Botany, Federal University of Pernambuco (Recife, Brazil). This work was supported by grants from the National University of Córdoba (SECYT-UNC, Argentina) and the National Council of Scientific and Technical Researches (CONICET, Argentina) to E.A. Moscone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Casilla de Correo 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina

    M. Cristina Acosta & Eduardo A. Moscone

  2. Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil

    Marcelo Guerra

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  1. M. Cristina Acosta
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  2. Marcelo Guerra
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  3. Eduardo A. Moscone
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Correspondence to M. Cristina Acosta.

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Acosta, M.C., Guerra, M. & Moscone, E.A. Karyological relationships among some South American species of Solanum (Solanaceae) based on fluorochrome banding and nuclear DNA amount. Plant Syst Evol 298, 1547–1556 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0657-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-012-0657-x

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