Abstract
The phylogeny of the four genera of Aizoaceae subfamily Sesuvioideae (Sesuvium, Cypselea, Trianthema and Zaleya) is elucidated employing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and 23 morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis based on ITS sequences and a combined molecular-morphological analysis provide largely congruent results. The monophyly of Sesuvioideae and its close relationship to Aizooideae s.l. and Mesembryanthemoideae is confirmed. Zaleya is placed within Trianthema and Cypselea within Sesuvium by ITS analysis, but in the combined analysis, Zaleya forms an unresolved polytomy with the two Trianthema clades and Cypselea, as well as two Sesuvium species, remain unresolved. Sesuvium sesuvioides and S. hydaspicum, previously treated as synonyms, are closely related, but molecular data do not support conspecifity. The Trianthema triquetra complex needs further intensive study because the African T. triquetra sample is closer to the NE African-Arabian T. sheilae than to Australian samples of T. triquetra. The close relationship of four species of Trianthema (T. patellitecta, T. rhynchocalyptra, T. megasperma, and T. pilosa) from Australia based on molecular data is supported morphologically by the exclusive possession of a well-developed indumentum in these taxa.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
K Andreasen B. G Baldwin B Bremer (1999) ArticleTitlePhylogenetic utility of the nuclear rDNA ITS region in the subfamily Ixoroideae (Rubiaceae): comparison with cpDNA rbcL sequence data Pl. Syst. Evol 217 119–135 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00984925
Backer C. A. (1954) Aizoaceae. In: Van Steenis C. G. C. (ed.) Flora Malesiana, ser. 1, vol. 4. Leiden, pp. 266–274.
B. G Baldwin (1992) ArticleTitlePhylogenetic utility of the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA in plants: An example from the Compositae Molec. Phylogenet. Evol 1 3–16 Occurrence Handle10.1016/1055-7903(92)90030-K Occurrence Handle1342921
B. G Baldwin M. J Sanderson J. M Porter M. F Wojciechowski C. S Campbell M. J Donoghue (1995) ArticleTitleThe ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA: a valuable source of evidence on Angiosperm phylogeny Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard 82 247–277
W Barthlott (1981) ArticleTitleEpidermal and seed surface applicability and some evolutionary aspects Nord. J. Bot 1 345–355
W Barthlott (1984) Microstructural features and seed surface V Heywood D.M Moore (Eds) Current concepts in plant taxonomy Academic Press London 95–105
S Bhambie M. C Joshi M. L Gupta (1977) ArticleTitleAnatomical studies on certain members of Aizoaceae Proc. Indian Acad. Sci 85B 399–406
V Bittrich (1990) ArticleTitleSystematic studies in Aizoaceae Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 23b 491–507
V Bittrich H. E. K Hartmann (1988) ArticleTitleThe Aizoaceae – a new approach Bot. J. Linn. Soc 97 239–254
V Bittrich M Struck (1989) ArticleTitleWhat is primitive in the Mesembryanthemaceae? An analysis of evolutionary polarity of characters states S. African. J. Bot 55 321–331
K Bremer (1988) ArticleTitleThe limits of amino acid sequence data in angiosperm phylogenetic reconstruction Evolution 42 795–803
A. P Candolle Particlede (1828) ArticleTitleProdromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis Treuttel and Würtz, Paris, 3 415–455
S. A Chaudhary (1999) ArticleTitleFlora of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Riyadh 1 141–155
E. J. H Corner (1976) The seeds of Dicotyledons vol.1 Cambridge University Press Cambridge 66–67
A Cronquist (1981) An integrated system of classification of flowering plants Columbia University Press New York
P Cuénoud (2003) Introduction to expanded Caryophyllales. Conspectus of families of expanded Caryophyllales K Kubitzki C Bayer (Eds) The families and genera of vascular plants. V. Flowering plants Dicotyledons. Malvales Capparales, and non-betalain Caryophyllales Springer Berlin 1–6
P Cuénoud V Savolainen L. W Chatrou M Powell R. J Grayer W.M Chase (2002) ArticleTitleMolecular phylogenetics of Caryophyllales based on nuclear 18S rDNA and plastid rbcL, atpB, and matK DNA sequences Amer. J. Bot 89 132–144
D. F Cutler (1979) ArticleTitleLeaf surface studies in Aloe and Haworthia species (Liliaceae), taxonomic implications Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenwelt (Akad.Wiss. Lit. Mainz) 28 8–29
M. J Donoghue R. G Olmstead J. F Smith J. D Palmer (1992) ArticleTitlePhylogenetic relationships of Dipsacales based on rbcL sequences Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard 79 333–345
S. R Downie D. S Katz-Downie (1996) ArticleTitleA molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apioideae: evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences Amer. J. Bot 83 234–251
S. R Downie J. D Palmer (1994) ArticleTitleA chloroplast DNA phylogeny of the Caryophyllales based on structural and inverted repeat restriction site variation Syst. Bot 19 236–252
S. R Downie R. G Olmstead G Zurawski D. E Soltis P. S Soltis J Watson J. D Palmer (1991) ArticleTitleSix independent losses of the chloroplast DNA rpL2 intron in dicotyledons: molecular and phylogenetic implications Evolution 45 1245–1259
T Eckardt (1964) Reihe Centrospermae A Engler (Eds) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 12,2 Borntraeger Berlin 79–102
F Ehrendorfer (1976) ArticleTitleClosing remark: systematics and evolution of Centrospermae families Pl. Syst. Evol 126 99–105 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00986077
M. E Endress V Bittrich (1993) Molluginaceae K Kubitzki J. G Rohwer V Bittrich (Eds) Volume II. Flowering plants. Dicotyledons. Magnoliid Hamamelid and Caryophyllid families Springer Berlin 419–425
Eriksson T. (1998) AutoDecay, ver. 4.0 ed. Distributed by the authors, Bergius Foundation,Royal Swedish Acadamy of Sciences. Stockholm,Sweden.
J Felsenstein (1985) ArticleTitleConfidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using bootstrap Evolution 39 783–791
Friedrich H.-Ch. (1970) 27. Aizoaceae. In: Merxmüller H. (ed.) Prodromus einer Flora von Südwestafrika. Cramer, Lehre, pp. 1–135.
M. G Gilbert H. E. K Hartmann S Edwards (2000) Aizoaceae S Edwards M Tadesse S Demissow I Hedberg (Eds) Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea, vol. 2 Addis Ababa Uppsala 240–248
Gonçalves M. L. (1965) Sobsidios para o conhecimento da flora de Angola – I. Garcia de Orta 13: 381–382
H. E. K Hartmann (1993) Aizoaceae K Kubitzki J.G Rohwer V Bittrich (Eds) The families and genera of vascular plants ed.2 Springer Berlin 37–69
Hartmann H. E. K. (2001a) Aizoaceae A-E. In: Illustrated handbook of succulent plants. Springer, Berlin.
Hartmann H. E. K. (2001b) Aizoaceae F-Z. In: Illustrated Handbook of Succulent Plants. Springer, Berlin.
N. M. S Hassan U Meve S Liede-Schumann (2005) ArticleTitleSeed coat morphology of Aizoaceae-Sesuvioideae, Gisekiaceae and Molluginaceae, and its systematic significance Bot. J. Linn. Soc 148 189–206 Occurrence Handle10.1111/j.1095-8339.2005.00407.x
M. A Hershkovitz E. A Zimmer (1997) ArticleTitleOn the evolutionary origins of the cacti Taxon 46 217–232
U Hofmann (1973) ArticleTitleMorphologische Untersuchungen zur Umgrenzung und Gliederung der Aizoaceen Bot. Jahrb. Syst 93 247–324
U Hofmann (1977) ArticleTitleDie Stellung von Stegnosperma innerhalb der Centrospermen Centrospermenstudien. 9. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges 90 39–52
Horaninow P. F. (1834) Prima lineae Systemis Nature. St. Petersburg.
J Hutchinson J. M Dalziel (1954) Flora of West Tropical Africa. vol. 1 Milbank London 135–136
C Jeffrey (1960) ArticleTitleNotes on tropical African Aizoaceae Kew Bull 14 235–238
C Jeffrey (1961) Aizoaceae C Hubbard E Milne-Redhead (Eds) Flora of tropical East Africa Crown Agents for Oversea Governments London
C Klak A Khunou A Reeves T. A Hedderson (2003) ArticleTitleA phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aizoaceae (Caryophyllales) based on four plastid DNA regions Amer. J. Bot 90 1433–1445
J. V Landrum (2001) ArticleTitleWide-band tracheides in leaves of genera in Aizoaceae: the systematic occurrence of a novel cell type and its implications for the monophyly of the subfamily Ru-schioideae Pl. Syst. Evol 227 49–61 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s006060170056
J Lindley (1846) Vegetable Kingdom, ed. 1 Longmans London
W. P Maddison D. R Maddison (2000) Mac-Clade: analysis of phylogeny and character evolution. Version 4 Sinauer Asscociates Sunderland, Massachusetts
J. R Manhart J. H Rettig (1994) Gene sequence data H.-D Behnke T. J Mabry (Eds) Caryophyllales: evolution and systematics Springer Berlin 235–246
R Melville (1952) ArticleTitleTrianthema pentandra L. and some related species Kew Bull 7 266–278
K Müller (1909) ArticleTitleBeiträge zur Systematik der Aizoaceen Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 42. Beibl 97 54–94
R Muschler (1912) A manual Flora of Egypt 1 Friedländer Berlin 319–326
D Oliver (1871) Flora of Tropical Africa. vol. 2 Reeve Kent 581–596
Phillips D. C. (1988) Wild flowers of Bahrain. D. C. Phillips, Manama (Bahrain), pp. 59–63.
M Pop B Oxelman (2001) ArticleTitleInferring the history of the polyploid Silene aegaea (Caryophyllaceae) using plastid and homoeologous nuclear DNA sequences Molec. Phylogenet. Evol 20 474–481 Occurrence Handle10.1006/mpev.2001.0977 Occurrence Handle11527472
A Prescott J Venning (1984) Aizoaceae S Alexander (Eds) Flora of Australia, vol. 4 Australian Government Publ. Service Canberra 19–62
T. S Raghavan V. K Srinivasan (1940) ArticleTitleStudies in Indian Aizoaceae Ann. Bot 4 651–661
R. F Sage (2001) ArticleTitleEnvironmental and evolutionary preconditions for the origin and diversification of the C4 photosynthetic syndrome Plant Biol 3 202–213 Occurrence Handle10.1055/s-2001-15206
M. J Sanderson M. J Donoghue W Piel T Eriksson (1994) ArticleTitleTreeBASE: a prototype database of phylogenetic analyses and an interactive tool for browsing the phylogeny of life Amer. J. Bot 81 183
W Schmid (1925) ArticleTitleMorphologische, anatomische und entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen an Mesembryanthemum pseudotruncatellum Berger Beibl. Vierteljahrsschr. Naturforsch. Ges. Zür 8 1–80
B. P Singh (1992) ArticleTitleChemotaxonomy of Aizoaceae and Molluginaceae — a study of free amino and organic acids J. Econ. Tax. Bot 16 IssueID1 103–106
O. W Sonder (1862) Trianthema W. H Harvey O. W Sonder (Eds) Flora Capensis, vol. 2 Hodges, Smith & Co Dublin
D. L Swofford (1998) PAUP*. Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods). Version 4 Sinauer Associates Sunderland, Massachusetts
V Täckholm (1956) Student's Flora of Egypt. ed. 1 Univ. Press Cairo 406–410
Thiede J. (2004) Phylogeny, systematics and classification of the Aizoaceae: a reconsideration based on molecular data. In: Thiede J., Metzing D., Veste M., Ju¨ rgens N. (eds.) Succulent plant research in Africa. Festschrift Hans-Dieter Ihlenfeldt. Schumannia 4.
R. S Wallace (1998) ArticleTitleSystematic implications of evolutionary relationships within the Aizoaceae s.l IOS Bull 6 25
Willdenow C. L. in Rottler, J. B. (1803) Botanische Bemerkungen auf der Hin- und Rückreise von Trankenbar nach Madras von Herrn Missionar Rottler mit Anmerkungen von Herrn Prof. D. L. Willdenow. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Neue Schriften 4: 181.
M Zohary (1966) Flora Palaestina 1 Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities Jerusalem 74–77
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Hassan, N.S., Thiede, J. & Liede-Schumann, S. Phylogenetic analysis of Sesuvioideae (Aizoaceae) inferred from nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and morphological data. Plant Syst. Evol. 255, 121–143 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-005-0357-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-005-0357-x