Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of fungi, which seriously threaten human health. Among them, ochratoxin A (OTA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) have become the main factors that pollute cereals and by-products. In order to achieve simultaneous detection of OTA and DON quantitatively, a novel dual-flux immunochromatographic assay (dICA) was established. The dual-flux assay is based on upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as fluorescence tags to label antigens and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as fluorescence quencher to label monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). The intensity of the green fluorescence (540 nm) of UCNPs can be used as an analytical signal, indicating the formation of antigen–antibody immune complexes, thereby indicating the presence or absence of the target analyte. The intensity of the red fluorescence (660 nm) of UCNPs is not affected and can be used as a quality control signal, and the dual-flux bidirectional single-line labeling mode allows for the simultaneous detection of two different mycotoxins on two test lines. This work indicated that the developed dICA provided a sensitive, rapid, and reliable on-site simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Turner NW, Bramhmbhatt H, Szabo-Vezse M, Poma A, Coker R, Piletsky SA (2015) Analytical methods for determination of mycotoxins: an update (2009–2014). Anal Chim Acta 901:12–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.013
Alhamoud Y, Yang DT, Kenston SSF, Liu GZ, Liu LY, Zhou HB, Ahmed F, Zhao JS (2019) Advances in biosensors for the detection of ochratoxin A: Bio-receptors, nanomaterials, and their applications. Biosens Bioelectron 141:111418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2019.111418
Kholova A, Lhotska I, Uhrova A, Spanik I, Machynakova A, Solich P, Svec F, Satinsky D (2020) Determination of Ochratoxin A and Ochratoxin B in Archived Tokaj Wines (Vintage 1959-2017) Using On-Line Solid Phase Extraction Coupled to Liquid Chromatography. Toxins 12(12):739. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins12120739
Tian FY, Zho J, Jiao BN, He Y (2019) A nanozyme-based cascade colorimetric aptasensor for amplified detection of ochratoxin A. Nanoscale 11:9547–9555. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr02872b
Zhou B, Yuan XY, Hu YH, Fan J, Yang WG, Guo MM, Zhang Y, Li WX, Zhang J (2019) Detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) using europium chelates and magnetic nanoparticles. Food Agr Immunol 30:87–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2018.1548577
Wei T, Ren PP, Huang LL, Ouyang ZC, Wang ZY, Kong XF, Li TJ, Yin YL, Wu YN, He QH (2019) Simultaneous detection of aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in corn and wheat using surface plasmon resonance. Food Chem 300(1):125176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125176
Gu C. X, Yang LY, Wang MH, Zhou N, He LH, Zhang ZH, Du M (2019) A bimetallic (Cu-Co) Prussian Blue analogue loaded with gold nanoparticles for impedimetric aptasensing of ochratoxin a. Microchim Acta 186:343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3479-5
Kong DZ, Wu XL, Li Y, Liu LQ, Song SS, Zheng QK, Kuang H, Xu CL (2019) Ultrasensitive and eco-friendly immunoassays based monoclonal antibody for detection of deoxynivalenol in cereal and feed samples. Food Chem 270:130–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.075
Zhan SN, Hu JQ, Li Y, Huang XL, Xiong YH (2021) Direct competitive ELISA enhanced by dynamic light scattering for the ultrasensitive detection of aflatoxin B-1 in corn samples. Food Chem 342(16):128327. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128327
Yan JX, Shi Q, You KH, Li YP, He QH (2019) Phage displayed mimotope peptide-based immunosensor for green and ultrasensitive detection of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol. J Pharm Biomed 168:94–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.01.051
Huang X, Huang XY, Xie JH, Li XJ, Huang ZB (2020) Rapid simultaneous detection of fumonisin B-1 and deoxynivalenol in grain by immunochromatographic test strip. Anal Biochem 606(1):113878. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2020.113878
Wu S J, Wang, F, Li Q, Wang J, Zhou Y, Duan N, Niazi S, Wang ZP (2020) Photocatalysis and degradation products identification of deoxynivalenol in wheat using upconversion nanoparticles@TiO2 composite. Food Chem 323(1):126823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126823
Li XM, Wang J, Yi CQ, Jiang LL, Wu JX, Chen XM, Shen X, Sun YM, Lei HT (2019) A smartphone-based quantitative detection device integrated with latex microsphere immunochromatography for on-site detection of zearalenone in cereals and feed. Sensor Actuat B-Chem 290:170–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.03.108
Xu Y, Ma B, Chen EJ, Yu XP, Ye ZH, Sun CX, Zhang MZ (2021) Dual fluorescent immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous quantitative detection of citrinin and zearalenone in corn samples. Food Chem 336(30):127713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127713
Wang LZ, Sun JD, Ye J, Wang LP, Sun XL (2022) One-step extraction and simultaneous quantitative fluorescence immunochromatography strip for AFB(1) and Cd detection in grain. Food Chem 374(16):131684. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131684
Beloglazova N, Lenain P, Tessier M, Goryacheva I, Hens Z, De Saeger S (2019) Bioimprinting for multiplex luminescent detection of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. Talanta 192:169–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2018.09.042
Hou SL, Ma JJ, Cheng YQ, Wang HG, Sun JH, Yan YX (2020) Quantum dot nanobead-based fluorescent immunochromatographic assay for simultaneous quantitative detection of fumonisin B-1, deoxyonivalenol, and zearalenone in grains. Food Control 117:107331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107331
Duan H, Li Y, Shao YN, Huang XL, Xiong YH (2019) Multicolor quantum dot nanobeads for simultaneous multiplex immunochromatographic detection of mycotoxins in maize. Sensor Actuat B-Chem 291:411–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.04.101
Wu YH, Zhou, YF, Huang H, Chen XR, Leng YK, Lai WH, Huang XL, Xiong YH (2020) Engineered gold nanoparticles as multicolor labels for simultaneous multi-mycotoxin detection on the immunochromatographic test strip nanosensor. Sensors Actuators B Chem 316(1):128107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2020.128107
Huang XY, Huang T, Li XJ, Huang ZB (2020) Flower-like gold nanoparticles-based immunochromatographic test strip for rapid simultaneous detection of fumonisin B-1 and deoxynivalenol in Chinese traditional medicine. J Pharm Biomed 177(5):112895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112895
Mei Q, Bansal A, Jayakumar MKG, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Huang H, Yu D, Ramachandra CJA, Hausenloy DJ, Soong TW, Zhang Y (2019) Manipulating energy migration within single lanthanide activator for switchable upconversion emissions towards bidirectional photoactivation. Nat Commun 10:4416. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-12374-4
Bogdan N, Vetrone F, Ozin GA, Capobianco JA (2011) Synthesis of ligand-free colloidally stable water dispersible brightly luminescent lanthanide-doped upconverting nanoparticles. Nano Lett 11:835–840. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl1041929
Liang J, He C, Xiong X, Zhang X, Wu C (2005) Influence of pH on preparation of colloidal gold. Chin J Rare Metals 29:468–470
Guo X, Yuan Y, Liu J, Fu S, Zhang J, Mei Q, Zhang Y (2021) Single-line flow assay platform based on orthogonal emissive upconversion nanoparticles. Anal Chem 93:3010–3017. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05061
Goryacheva OA, Beloglazova NV, Goryacheva IY, De Saeger S (2021) Homogenous FRET-based fluorescent immunoassay for deoxynivalenol detection by controlling the distance of donor-acceptor couple. Talanta 225(1):1211973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121973
He Y, Tian FY, Zhou J, Zhao QY, Fu RJ, Jiao BN (2020) Colorimetric aptasensor for ochratoxin A detection based on enzyme-induced gold nanoparticle aggregation. J Hazard 388(15):121758. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121758
Boonkaew S, Yakoh A, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Rengpipat S, Siangproh W, Chailapakul O (2021) An automated fast-flow/delayed paper-based platform for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus core antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 193(1):113543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2021.113543
Fang CC, Chou CC, Yang YQ, Wei-Kai T, Wang YT, Chan YH (2018) Multiplexed detection of tumor markers with multicolor polymer dot-based immunochromatography test strip. Anal Chem 90:2134–2140. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04411
Eskola M, Altieri A, Galobart J (2018) Overview of the activities of the European Food Safety Authority on mycotoxins in food and feed. World Mycotoxin J 11:277–289. https://doi.org/10.3920/WMJ2017.2270
Yan JX, Hu WJ, You KH, Ma ZE, Xu Y, Li YP, He QH (2020) Biosynthetic mycotoxin conjugate mimetics-mediated green strategy for multiplex mycotoxin immunochromatographic assay. J Agric Food Chem 68:2193–2200. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b06383
Zhou B, Yuan X, Hu Y, Fan J, Yang W, Guo M, Zhang Y, Li W, Zhang J (2019) Detection of deoxynivalenol (DON) using europium chelates and magnetic nanoparticles. Food Agric Immunol 30:87–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540105.2018.1548577
Costantini F, Sberna C, Petrucci G, Reverberi M, Domenici F, Fanelli C, Manetti C, de Cesare G, DeRosa M, Nascetti A, Caputo D (2016) Aptamer-based sandwich assay for on chip detection of Ochratoxin A by an array of amorphous silicon photosensors. Sens Actuators B Chem 230:31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.02.03
Xu Y, He Z, He Q, Qiu Y, Chen B, Chen J, Liu X (2014) Use of cloneable peptide-MBP fusion protein as a mimetic coating antigen in the standardized immunoassay for mycotoxin ochratoxin A. J Agric Food Chem 62(35):8830–8836. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf5028922
Zhou S, Xu L, Kuang H, Xiao J, Xu C (2021) Fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic sensor for ultrasensitive monitoring deoxynivalenol in agricultural products. Microchemical Journal 164:106024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2021.106024
Lu L, Seenivasan R, Wang Y-C, Yu J-H, Gunasekaran S (2016) An electrochemical immunosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of mycotoxins fumonisin B1 and deoxynivalenol. Electrochim Acta 213:89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.096
Rodriguez RS, Szlag VM, Reineke TM, Haynes CL (2020) Multiplex surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection of deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A with a linear polymer affinity agent. Mater Adv 1(9):3256–3266. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ma00608d
Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81971740), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 21ZR1423200), Health effect of municipal tap water based on direct drinking target (19DZ1204404), and Innovative Research Team of High Level Local Universities in Shanghai.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, C., Cao, J., Wang, X. et al. A novel dual-flux immunochromatographic test strip based on luminescence resonance energy transfer for simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol. Microchim Acta 189, 466 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05561-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05561-6