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A solid-state electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for β-lactoglobulin using Ru-AuNP/GNP/Naf nanocomposite-modified printed sensor

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Abstract

An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor for the detection of the milk protein allergen β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) using nanocomposite as luminophore was fabricated. The Ru-AuNPs/GNP/Naf complex was formed by combining the Rubpy32+-AuNPs complex (Ru-AuNPs), prepared by modifying the negatively charged surface of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with positively charged Rubpy32+ through electrostatic interactions and the graphene nanoplatelets-Nafion (GNP/Naf) at a ratio of 2:1. The nanocomposite was coated on the surface of the screen-printed electrode (SPCE) through the film-forming properties of Nafion. A layer of chitosan (CS) was coated onto this modified electrode, and later amine-terminated β-LG aptamers were covalently attached to the CS/Ru-AuNP/GNP/Naf via glutaraldehyde (GLUT) cross-linking. When β-LG was incubated with the aptasensor, a subsequent decrease in ECL intensity was recorded. Under the optimal conditions, the ECL intensity of the aptasensor changed linearly with the logarithmic concentration of β-LG, in the range 0.1 to 1000 pg/ml, and the detection limit was 0.02 pg/mL (3σ/m). The constructed aptasensor displayed simple and fast determination of β-LG with excellent reproducibility, stability, and high specificity. Additionally, the proposed ECL aptasensor displayed high recoveries (92.5–112%) and low coefficients of variation (1.6–7.8%), when β-LG fortified samples were analyzed. Integrating Ru-AuNPs/GNP/Naf nanocomposite in the ECL aptasensor paves the way towards a cost-effective and sensitive detection of the milk allergen β-LG.

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Funding

This work was partly supported by the Universiti Brunei Darussalam’s grant UBD/RSCH/1.4/FICBF(b)/2018/010.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biosensors and Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Integrated Science Building, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, 1410, BE, Brunei Darussalam

    Chitra Padmakumari Kurup & Minhaz Uddin Ahmed

  2. PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, 1410, BE, Brunei Darussalam

    Noor Faizah Mohd-Naim

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  1. Chitra Padmakumari Kurup
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  2. Noor Faizah Mohd-Naim
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  3. Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
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Contributions

Chitra Padmakumari Kurup: formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing–original draft, visualization. Noor Faizah Mohd-Naim: writing review and editing, data curation, co-supervision. Minhaz Uddin Ahmed: conceptualization, methodology, validation, resources, data curation, writing–review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition.

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Correspondence to Minhaz Uddin Ahmed.

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Kurup, C.P., Mohd-Naim, N.F. & Ahmed, M.U. A solid-state electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for β-lactoglobulin using Ru-AuNP/GNP/Naf nanocomposite-modified printed sensor. Microchim Acta 189, 165 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-022-05275-9

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