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Mixture of carbon aerogel with Pd–WO3 nanorods for amperometric determination of mesalazine

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Abstract

We prepared, for the first time, carbon aerogels support on Pd–WO3 nanorods (CAs/Pd–WO3) hybrid nanocomposite via sol-gel and microwave-assisted methods. The as-prepared CAs/Pd–WO3-modified electrode was used as effective electrocatalyst for nanomolar level detection of mesalazine (MSA). The typical porous nature of carbon aerogels effectively prevented the aggregation of Pd-doped WO3 nanorods and increased the electrochemically active surface area. In addition, the Pd–WO3 nanointerface provides intrinsic improvement of the electrocatalytic activity and stability for the electrochemical oxidation process, and the interconnected conducting network of the porous surfaces of CAs accelerated rapid electron transport at the working electrode. The synergistic effect of the CAs/Pd–WO3 architecture has excellent electrocatalytic activity for the detection of MSA with high sensitivity of 2.403 ± 0.004 μA μM−1 cm−2, low detection limit of 0.8 ± 0.3 nM and wide linear response from 0.003–350 μM at a low applied potential of 0.30 V vs. Ag|AgCl. Satisfactory results were observed for its analytical performance in detecting MSA in human blood serum and urine samples, and recoveries ranged from 98.8 to 100.4%. We believe that the architecture of the modified CAs/Pd–WO3 electrocatalysts can be effectively used in clinical applications for the detection of MSA.

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Scheme 1
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Abbreviations

MSA:

mesalazine

LC:

liquid chromatography

CA:

carbon aerogel

SPCE:

screen-printed carbon electrode

SEM:

scanning electron microscope

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffractometer

XPS:

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

CV:

cyclic voltammetry

PBS:

phosphate buffer solution

FE:

field emission

EDX:

energy dispersive X-ray

BET:

Brunauer–Emmet-Teller

BJH:

Barrett-Joyner-Halenda

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Funding

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT; No. 2019R1A5A808029011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yeungnum University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea

    Chellakannu Rajkumar & Haekyoung Kim

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan, 38428, Republic of Korea

    Jong-Ho Choi

Authors
  1. Chellakannu Rajkumar
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  2. Jong-Ho Choi
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  3. Haekyoung Kim
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Correspondence to Haekyoung Kim.

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Rajkumar, C., Choi, JH. & Kim, H. Mixture of carbon aerogel with Pd–WO3 nanorods for amperometric determination of mesalazine. Microchim Acta 188, 135 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-021-04789-y

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