Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Centrifugation: an efficient technique for preconcentration in anodic stripping voltammetric analysis of mercury using a gold film electrode

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Microchimica Acta Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The effect of centrifugation on the voltammetric behavior of mercury on a gold film electrode was investigated. Mercuric ion was reduced with borohydride to form metallic mercury droplets which were collected on a gold film electrode with the aid of centrifugal force without a carrier material. A special cell was constructed for this purpose. The effect of the amounts of reducing agent, stripping solution, time and speed of centrifugation on the anodic stripping peaks resulting from the re-oxidation of mercury were investigated. The calibration graph for mercury(II) has a regression coefficient of 0.9941; its linear range is from 3.0 pM to 10.0 nM. Due to the effect of accumulation, the detection limit of mercury(II) is as low as 3 pM.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Clevenger WL, Smith BW, Winefordner JD (1997) Trace determination of mercury: a review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 27:1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Augelli MA, Munoz RAA, Richter EM, Junior AG, Angnes L (2005) Chronopotentiometric stripping analysis using gold electrodes, an efficient technique for mercury quantification in natural waters. Electroanalysis 17:755

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Buffle J, Tercier-Waeber ML (2005) Voltammetric environmental trace metal analysis and speciation: from laboratory to in situ measurements. Trends Anal Chem 24:172

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Qu W, Zhai Y, Meng S, Fan Y, Zhao Q (2008) Selective solid phase extraction and pre-concentration of trace mercury(II) with poly-allylthiourea packed columns. Microchim Acta 163:277. doi:10.1007/s00604-008-0011-8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Geng W, Nakajima T, Takanashi H, Ohki A (2008) Determination of mercury in ash and soil samples by oxygen flask combustion method–cold vapor atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS). J Hazard Mater 154:325. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.029

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Boaventura GR, Barbosa AC, East GA (1997) Multivessel system for cold-vapour mercury generation. Determination of mercury in hair and fish. Biol Trace Elem Res 60:153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Krishna MVB, Karunasagar D, Rao SV, Arunachalam J (2005) Pre-concentration and speciation of inorganic and methyl mercury in waters using polyaniline and gold trap-CVAAS. Talanta 68:329

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhu X, Alexandratos SD (2007) Determination of trace levels of mercury in aqueous solutions by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry: elimination of the memory effect. Microchem J 86:37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Krata A, Bulska E (2005) Critical evaluation of analytical performance of atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for mercury determination. Spectrochim Acta Part B: Atom Spectrosc 60:345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Santos JS, Guárdia M, Pastor A, Santos MLP (2009) Determination of organic and inorganic mercury species in water and sediment samples by HPLC on-line coupled with ICP-MS. Talanta in press. doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.053

  11. Ugo P, Moretto LM, Mazzocchin GA (1995) Voltammetric determination of trace mercury in chloride media at glassy carbon electrodes modified with polycationic ionomers. Anal Chim Acta 305:74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Agraz R, Sevilla MT, Hernandez L (1995) Voltammetric quantification and speciation of mercury compounds. J Electroanal Chem 390:47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Svancara I, Matousek M, Eugen S, Schachl K, Kalcher K, Vytras K (1997) Carbon paste electrodes plated with a gold film for the voltammetric determination of mercury(II). Electroanalysis 9:827

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hatle M (1987) Determination of mercury by differential-pulse anodic-stripping voltammetry with various working electrodes. Talanta 34:1001

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Bonfil Y, Brand M, Kirowa-Eisner E (2000) Trace determination of mercury by anodic stripping voltammetry at the rotating gold electrode. Anal Chim Acta 424:65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gustavsson I (1986) Determination of mercury in sea water by stripping voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem 214:31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Riso RD, Waeles M, Monbet P, Chaumery CJ (2000) Measurements of trace concentrations of mercury in sea water by stripping chronopotentiometry with gold disc electrode: influence of copper. Anal Chim Acta 410:97

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Giacomino A, Abollino O, Malandrino M, Mentasti E (2008) Parameters affecting the determination of mercury by anodic stripping voltammetry using a gold electrode. Talanta 75:266

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Vasjari M, Shirshov YM, Samoylov AV, Mirsky VM (2007) SPR investigation of mercury reduction and oxidation on thin gold electrodes. J Electroanal Chem 605:73

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Stojko NY, Brainina KZ, Faller C, Henze G (1998) Stripping voltammetry determination of mercury at modified electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 371:145

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Faller C, Stojko NY, Henze G, Brainia KZ (1999) Stripping voltammetric determination of mercury at modified solid electrodes determination of mercury traces using PCD/Au(III) modified electrodes. Anal Chim Acta 396:195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Xu H, Zeng L, Xing S, Shi G, Xian Y, Jin L (2008) Microwave-radiated synthesis of gold nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes composites and its application to voltammetric detection of trace mercury(II). Electrochem Commun 10:1839

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Abollino O, Giacomino A, Malandrino M, Piscionieri G, Mentasti E (2008) Determination of mercury by anodic stripping voltammetry with a gold nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode. Electroanalysis 20:75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Zheng A, Chen J, Wu G, Wei H, He C, Kai X, Wu G, Chen Y (2009) Optimization of a sensitive method for the “switch-on” determination of mercury(II) in waters using Rhodamine B capped gold nanoparticles as a fluorescence sensor. Microchim Acta 164:17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Monk PMS (2002) Fundamentals of electroanalytical chemistry. Wiley, Chichester

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kırgöz ÜA, Tural H, Ertaş FN (2004) A new procedure for voltammetric lead determination based on coprecipitation and centrifugation preconcentration. Electroanalysis 16:765

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Kırgöz ÜA, Tural H, Ertaş FN (2005) Centri-voltammetric study with amberlite XAD-7 resin as a carrier system. Talanta 65:48

    Google Scholar 

  28. Margel S, Hirsh J (1984) Reduction of organic mercury in water, urine, and blood by sodium borohydride for direct determination of total mercury content. Clin Chem 30:243

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Tseng CM, De Diego A, Martin FM, Amouroux D, Donard OFX (1997) Rapid determination of inorganic mercury and methylmercury in biological reference materials by hydride generation, cryofocusing, atomic absorption spectrometry after open focused microwave-assisted alkaline digestion. J Anal At Spectrom 12:743

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Ertaş NF, Gökçel Hİ, Tural H (2000) The effect of acetone on calomel formation on a mercury surface in chloride medium. Turk J Chem 24:261

    Google Scholar 

  31. Okçu F, Ertaş FN, Gökçel Hİ, Tural H (2005) Anodic stripping voltammetric behavior of mercury in chloride medium and its determination at a gold film electrode. Turk J Chem 29:355

    Google Scholar 

  32. Ordeig O, Banks CE, Del Campo J, Muñoz FX, Compton RG (2006) Trace detection of mercury(II) using gold ultra-microelectrode arrays. Electrloanalysis 18:573

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to take this opportunity to thank Ege University Research Foundation for its financial support. (Project No: 2003/FEN/013).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey

    İpek Ürkmez, H. İsmet Gökçel, F. Nil Ertaş & Hüseyin Tural

Authors
  1. İpek Ürkmez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. İsmet Gökçel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. F. Nil Ertaş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hüseyin Tural
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. İsmet Gökçel.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

ESM 1

(DOC 138 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ürkmez, İ., Gökçel, H.İ., Ertaş, F.N. et al. Centrifugation: an efficient technique for preconcentration in anodic stripping voltammetric analysis of mercury using a gold film electrode. Microchim Acta 167, 225–230 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-009-0246-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-009-0246-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation