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Ultrasensitive amperometric immunosensor for the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen based on a porous chitosan and gold nanoparticles functionalized interface

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Abstract

An immunosensor has been fabricated for direct amperometric determination of carcinoembryonic antigen. It is based on a biocompatible composite film composed of porous chitosan (pChit) and gold nanoparticles (GNPs). Firstly, a pChit film was formed on a glassy carbon electrode by means of electrodeposition. Then, thionine as a redox probe was immobilized on the pChit film modified electrode using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linker. Finally, GNPs were adsorbed on the electrode surface to assemble carcinoembryonic antibody (anti-CEA). The surface morphology of the pChit films was studied by means of a scanning electron microscope. The immunosensor was further characterized by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviors and factors influencing the performance of the resulting immunosensors were studied in detail. Results showed that the pChit films can enhance the surface coverage of antibodies and improve the sensitivity of the immunosensor. Under optimal conditions, the immunosensor was highly sensitive to CEA with a detection limit of 0.08 ng·mL−1 at three times the background noise and linear ranges of 0.2∼10.0 ng·mL−1 and 10.0∼160 ng·mL−1. Moreover, the immunosensor exhibited high selectivity, good reproducibility and stability.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support provided by the Ministry of Education of China (Project 708073), the NNSF of China (20675064), the NSF of Chongqing (CSTC-2004BB4149, 2005BB4100) and the High Technology Project Foundation of Southwest University (XSGX02), China.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory on Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People’s Republic of China

    Yaxi Liu, Ruo Yuan, Yaqin Chai, Chenglin Hong, Kaige Liu & Shu Guan

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  1. Yaxi Liu
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  2. Ruo Yuan
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  3. Yaqin Chai
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  4. Chenglin Hong
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  5. Kaige Liu
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  6. Shu Guan
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Correspondence to Yaqin Chai.

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Liu, Y., Yuan, R., Chai, Y. et al. Ultrasensitive amperometric immunosensor for the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen based on a porous chitosan and gold nanoparticles functionalized interface. Microchim Acta 167, 217–224 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-009-0243-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-009-0243-2

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