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Synergistic Mechanism and Technology of Cable Bolt Resin Anchoring for Roadway Roofs with Weak Interlayers

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Abstract

The process of cable bolt anchoring the roof of a coal mine roadway involves the mixture of different types of resin cartridges. However, this procedure presently faces several shortcomings including insufficient cartridge breakage, non-ideal viscosity and annular thickness values of the anchoring body, short effective anchorage length, incomplete hole walls in the surrounding rock, the resin cartridges easily roll, bend, overlap, and pile up on the hole wall and do not properly react. This study presents a systematic analysis of the anchoring characteristics of roof cable bolts in a roadway with weak interlayers based on the research and development of synergistic components. The synergistic mechanism is identified. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the dynamic flow field characteristics of the resin cartridge mixing, and laboratory tests are performed for comparison to determine a reasonable setting for the synergistic components. Field tests are conducted to comprehensively verify the working performance of the synergistic technology. The results show that the synergistic component can greatly improve the fluidity and uniformity of the resin cartridge reaction. The anchoring performance of the synergistic anchorage cable bolt used in the field is also significantly greater than that of ordinary anchoring cable bolts and higher than or equal to the engineering requirements. When an anchor hole is broken or collapses, the spacing of the synergistic components can be reasonably adjusted (i.e., by shortening the anchorage length) to allow the resin cartridge to evenly and densely fill the anchoring area, which greatly improves the anchoring system’s bearing capacity.

Highlights

  • Cable bolt resin anchoring on roadway roofs with weak interlayers is analyzed under typical on-field construction conditions.

  • Anchoring synergistic components greatly improve the bearing capacity and energy absorption capacity of an anchoring system.

  • On-field dynamic mixing guidance parameters are proposed for different types of resin cartridges in combination or used alone.

  • Synergistic component spacing adjustments effectively improve the density and uniformity of an anchoring body, thus improving the anchoring quality.

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Abbreviations

l 1 :

Length of cable bolt Section 1 (mm)

l 2 :

Length of cable bolt Section 2 (mm)

l 3 :

Length of the mixing and crushing component (mm)

l 4 :

Length of the blocking and lifting component (mm)

P 1 :

Mixing power of the cable bolt Section 1 (W)

P 2 :

Mixing power of the cable bolt Section 2 (W)

N P1 :

Power standards of a single pair of staggered oblique propellers in the cable bolt Section 1

N P2 :

Power standards of a single pair of staggered oblique propellers in the cable bolt Section 2

ρ :

Resin cartridge density (kg/m3)

N :

Cable bolt mixing rate (r/s)

d 1 :

The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the cable bolt rotation (mm)

A :

Equation parameter

B :

Equation parameter

p :

Equation parameter

R e :

Reynolds coefficient

μ :

Resin cartridge viscosity coefficient (kg/ms)

D 1 :

Anchor hole diameter (mm)

b 1 :

Height of the cable bolt twisted diagonal rib (mm)

θ :

Twist angle of the cable bolt steel strand (°)

P 3 :

Mixing power of the mixing and crushing component (W)

P 4 :

Mixing power of the blocking and lifting component (W)

K P3 :

Power constants of the mixing and crushing component

K P4 :

Power constants of the blocking and lifting component

d 3 :

Rotating diameters of the crushing mixing blade

d 4 :

Rotating diameters of the blocking and lifting blade

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Liaoning Joint Fund Key Project (Grant U1908222), the Liaoning Province “Xing Liao Talents Program” Project (Grant XLYC1801010), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Fund (Grant 52104087). We thank Esther Posner, PhD, from Liwen Bianji (Edanz) (www.liwenbianji.cn) for editing the language of a draft of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education On Safe Mining of Deep Metal Mines, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, People’s Republic of China

    Wei Wang & Yishan Pan

  2. School of Environment, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 100036, People’s Republic of China

    Yishan Pan

  3. School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 100036, People’s Republic of China

    Yonghui Xiao

  4. School of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, People’s Republic of China

    Yishan Pan

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  1. Wei Wang
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  3. Yonghui Xiao
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Correspondence to Yishan Pan.

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Wang, W., Pan, Y. & Xiao, Y. Synergistic Mechanism and Technology of Cable Bolt Resin Anchoring for Roadway Roofs with Weak Interlayers. Rock Mech Rock Eng 55, 3451–3472 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-02817-8

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