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Comparative Study of Tunnel Blast-Induced Vibration on Tunnel Surfaces and Inside Surrounding Rock

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Abstract

In tunnel blast applications, vibration monitors are typically placed on tunnel surfaces to measure the responses of rock to explosion loads for statutory compliance. Few publications in the open literature have focused on the differences between the blasting vibration on tunnel surfaces and inside the surrounding rock. During blasting excavation of the experimental tunnels in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory, velocity sensors were arranged both on the tunnel walls and inside the surrounding rock to monitor far-field vibrations. In this paper, the vibration characteristics on the tunnel surfaces and inside the surrounding rock are presented based on the recorded field data. Corresponding empirical formulae for peak particle velocity (PPV) attenuation and dominant frequency variation are derived from these data. A three-dimensional dynamic finite-element model is used to verify the site survey results. The field and numerical studies show that compared with the inside vibration, the tunnel surface vibration has a higher, more readily attenuated PPV and a lower frequency with a slower rate of decline in the dominant frequency. The mechanisms that cause the differences between the surface and inside vibration are discussed in detail. The tunnel surface vibration in the far field is dominated by surface waves, which occupy more than 75% of the total vibrational energy. For this reason, the results presented in this paper do not apply to vibration in the near field, where body waves are expected to be dominant.

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Abbreviations

A :

Amplitude

[C]:

Damping matrix

d b :

Blasthole diameter

D :

Distance

E :

Young’s modulus

E sub :

Energy in a frequency sub-band

E tot :

Total energy

f :

Frequency

f d :

Dominant frequency

K :

Site constant

[K]:

Stiffness matrix

[M]:

Mass matrix

P(t):

Borehole pressure history

P e(t):

Blasting pressure history on excavation surfaces

P VN :

von Neumann borehole pressure

S :

Blasthole spacing

V L(t):

Longitudinal velocity history

V R(t):

Resultant velocity history

V T(t):

Transverse velocity history

V V(t):

Vertical velocity history

W :

Charge weight per delay

α :

Attenuation index

β :

Pressure decay parameter

ν :

Poisson’s ratio

ρ :

Rock density

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (51509126 and U1765207), Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation (20181BAB206047), and CRSRI Open Research Program (CKWV2018467/KY). The authors wish to express their thanks to all the supports.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China

    Jianhua Yang, Jiyong Cai, Chi Yao, Qinghui Jiang & Chuangbing Zhou

  2. Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of MWR, Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute, Wuhan, 430010, China

    Peng Li

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  1. Jianhua Yang
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  4. Peng Li
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  5. Qinghui Jiang
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Correspondence to Chi Yao.

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Yang, J., Cai, J., Yao, C. et al. Comparative Study of Tunnel Blast-Induced Vibration on Tunnel Surfaces and Inside Surrounding Rock. Rock Mech Rock Eng 52, 4747–4761 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01875-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-019-01875-9

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