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Gross total resection of spinal chondrosarcoma is associated with improved locoregional relapse-free survival and overall survival

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Abstract

Background

Spinal chondrosarcomas are rare malignant osseous tumors. The low incidence of spinal chondrosarcomas and the complexity of spine anatomy have led to heterogeneous treatment strategies with varying curative and survival rates. The goal of this study is to investigate prognostic factors for locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS) and overall survival (OS) comparing en bloc vs. piecemeal resection for the management of spinal chondrosarcoma.

Methods

We retrospectively identified patients who underwent curative-intent resection of primary and metastatic spinal chondrosarcoma over a 25-year period. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were conducted with LRFS as primary endpoint and OS as secondary endpoint. LRFS and OS were modeled using the Kaplan–Meier method and assessed using Cox regression analysis.

Results

For 72 patients who underwent first resection, the median follow-up time was 5.1 years (95% CI 2.2–7.0). Thirty-three patients (45.8%) had en bloc resection, and 39 (54.2%) had piecemeal resection. Of the 68 patients for whom extent of resection was known, 44 patients had gross total resection (GTR) and 24 patients had subtotal resection. In survival analyses, both LRFS and OS showed statistically significant difference based on the extent of resection (p = 0.001; p = 0.04, respectively). However, only LRFS showed statistically significant difference when assessing the type of resection (p = 0.02). In addition, higher tumor grade and more invasive disease were associated with worse LRFS and OS rates.

Conclusion

Although in our study en bloc and GTR were associated with improved survival, heterogenous and complex spinal presentations may limit total resection. Therefore, the surgical management should be tailored individually to ensure the best local control and maximum preservation of function.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Bryan Iorgulescu, MD and Akash Premkumar, BS for assistance with obtaining patients’ charts.

Funding

The authors have no relevant financial interest or funding sources in this article.

Author information

Author notes

  1. Abdullah M. Abunimer and Lubna Hammoudeh have contributed equally to this work as co-first authors.

  2. Miranda B. Lam and Hasan A. Zaidi have contributed equally to this work as co-senior authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computational Neuroscience Outcomes Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Road, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Abdullah M. Abunimer, Asad M. Lak, John Chi, Yi Lu, Michael Groff & Hasan A. Zaidi

  2. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar

    Abdullah M. Abunimer

  3. Department of Radiation Medicine, The Oregon Health & Science University Hospital, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA

    Lubna Hammoudeh

  4. Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA

    Edward Christopher Dee

  5. Department of Neurosurgery, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA

    John H. Shin

  6. Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA

    Miranda B. Lam

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  1. Abdullah M. Abunimer
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Abunimer, A.M., Hammoudeh, L., Dee, E.C. et al. Gross total resection of spinal chondrosarcoma is associated with improved locoregional relapse-free survival and overall survival. Eur Spine J 32, 994–1002 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-022-07505-3

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