Abstract
Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant containing citral-rich essential oil, of which the quality and quantity may be affected by nematode infection. Research has shown that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may act as nematode biocontrol agents and improve the chemical composition of plants. Three experiments were conducted to assess the effects of AMF inoculation on vegetative growth, essential oil composition, induction of defense-related proteins, and control of Pratylenchus brachyurus in C. citratus. Seedlings were transplanted into pots inoculated with one of two AMF species (Rhizophagus clarus or Claroideoglomus etunicatum). At 30 days after AMF inoculation, plants were inoculated with P. brachyurus. Evaluations were performed at 75 days after nematode inoculation. Although both AMF treatments led to effective root colonization (> 84%), fungus inoculation was not effective in reducing P. brachyurus population density. Nevertheless, C. etunicatum promoted an increase in shoot weight, and AMF treatments contributed to preserving essential oil composition in nematode-infected plants. In addition, both AMF treatments enhanced polyphenol oxidase activity and R. clarus increased peroxidase activity after nematode inoculation.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Professor Odair Alberton (Paranaense University, Brazil) for providing the AMF.
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This study was supported by a master’s scholarship to MTRS (Grant no. 132466/2019–8) and a research productivity grant to CRDA (Grant No. 303269/2020-0) from the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and by master’s and doctoral scholarships to AC (Grant No. 344568/2019-1), LKR (Grant No. 344503/2019-01), and AM (Grant No. 344530/2019-01) from the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES).
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Conceptualization, MTRS and CRDA; Data curation, MTRS; Formal analysis, MTRS, AM, AC, LKR e CRDA; Funding acquisition, CRDA; Investigation, MTRS; Methodology, MTRS, CRDA, BPM and CS; Project administration, CRDA; Supervision, CRDA; Writing—original draft, MTRS; Writing—review and editing, MTRS, AM, AC, LKR, and CRDA.
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Rodrigues e Silva, M.T., Calandrelli, A., Miamoto, A. et al. Pre-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi affects essential oil quality and the reproduction of root lesion nematode in Cymbopogon citratus. Mycorrhiza 31, 613–623 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-021-01045-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-021-01045-2