Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity was studied in different genotypes of tomato with varying degrees of resistance and susceptibility to bacterial canker disease after inoculation withClavibacter michiganensis ssp.michiganensis. In resistant genotypes the enzyme activity increased significantly 21 h after bacterial inoculation, whereas in the susceptible genotypes the activity decreased. The increase or decrease in PAL activity correlated well with the degree of host resistance along with total phenol contents. The role of PAL in imparting resistance to tomato against bacterial canker disease is discussed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bradford, M.M. (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding.Anal. Biochem. 72:248–254.
El Boudyach E.H., Fatmi, M., Akhayat, O., Benizri, E. and Aoumar, A.A-B. (2001) Selection of antagonistic bacteria ofClavibacter michiganensis ssp.michiganensis and evaluation of their efficiency against bacterial canker of tomato.Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 11:141–149.
El Ghaouth, A.E., Wilson, C.L. and Callahan, A.M. (2003) Induction of chitinase, β-1-3, glucanase and PAL in peach fruit of UV-C treatment.Phytopathology 93:349–355.
ISTA (2003) International Rules for Seed Testing. International Seed Testing Association. Zurich, Switzerland.
Lisker, N., Cohen, L., Chalutz, E. and Fuchs, Y. (1983) Fungal infections suppress ethylene-induced phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in grapefruits.Physiol. Plant Pathol. 22: 331–338.
Malick, C.P. and Singh, M.P. (1980) Phenolics.in: Plant Enzymology and Histo-enzymology. Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, India. p. 286.
Moerschbacher, B.M., Witte, U., Königs, D. and Reisener, H.J. (1989) Changes in the levels of enzyme activities involved in lignin biosynthesis during the temperature-sensitive resistant responses of wheat (Sr6) to stem rust (Pb).Plant Sci. 65:183–190.
Nagarathna, K.C., Shetty, S.A. and Shetty, H.S. (1993) Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in pearl millet seedlings and its relation to downy mildew resistance.J. Exp. Bot. 44:1291–1296.
Reuveni, R., Shimoni, M. and Crute, I.R. (1991) An association between high peroxidase activity in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and field resistance to downy mildew (Bremia lactuca).J. Phytopathol. 132:312–318.
Soylu, S., Baysal, O. and Soylu, E.M. (2003) Induction of disease resistance by the plant activator, acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM), against bacterial canker (Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.michiganensis) in tomato seedlings.Plant Sci. 165:169–175.
Tsuge, S., Ochiai, H., Inoue, Y., Ohu, T., Tsuno, K., Kaku, K.et al. (2004) Involvement of phosphoglucose isomerase in pathogenicity ofXanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae.Phytopathology 94:478–483.
Vidhyasekaran, P. (2003) Bacterial Disease Resistance in Plants. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Applications. Food Products Press, New York, NY. pp. 185–252.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Nov. 14, 2005.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Umesha, S. Note: Phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in tomato seedlings and its relationship to bacterial canker disease resistance. Phytoparasitica 34, 68–71 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981341
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02981341