Abstract
Background
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is a novel physiological mechanism found at various locations in the body where the nicotinic regulation of inflammatory cells through the autonomic nervous system is involved. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that cholinergic nerve stimulation by a 5-HT4 agonist may modulate the progression of gastric mucosal ulcers induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Methods
Acute gastric ulcers were induced in rats by the oral administration of indomethacin.
Results
Gastric damage analysis indicated that pretreatment with mosapride, a selective 5-HT4 agonist, at 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 mg/kg, inhibited the mucosal damage induced by indomethacin. In gastric emptying analysis, an evacuation effect was observed in the 3.0 mg/kg mosapride pretreatment group, but this effect was not observed in the lower dose (0.5 mg/kg) group. The antiulcerogenic activity of mosapride treatment (at 0.5 mg/kg) was blocked by a 5-HT4-specific antagonist, GR113808 (1 mg/kg, i.v.). Additionally, we demonstrated that methyllycaconitine (0.29 and 0.87 mg/kg i.p.), a selective inhibitor of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) receptors (α7nAChRs), ablated the antiulcerogenic action of mosapride.
Conclusions
These results suggest that the mucosal protective action of mosapride may be mediated by an action on immune cells through the acceleration of ACh release from parasympathetic nerves via the activation of 5-HT4 receptors, followed by activation of the nicotinic anti-inflammatory system. It appears that the α7nAChR may be involved in the antiulcerogenic action of mosapride.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Gershon MD, Tack J. The serotonin signaling system: from basic understanding to drug development for functional GI disorders. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(1):397–414.
Schuurkes JA, Van Nueten JM. Control of gastroduodenal coordination: dopaminergic and cholinergic pathways. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1984;92:8–12.
Olsson S, Edwards IR. Tachycardia during cisapride treatment. Br Med J. 1992;305(6856):748–9.
Wysowski DK, Bacsanyi J. Cisapride and fatal arrhythmia. N Engl J Med. 1996;335(4):290–1.
Mizuta Y, Shikuwa S, Isomoto H, Mishima R, Akazawa Y, Masuda J, et al. Recent insights into digestive motility in functional dyspepsia. J Gastroenterol. 2006;41(11):1025–40.
Camilleri M, Vazquez-Roque MI, Burton D, Ford T, McKinzie S, Zinsmeister AR, et al. Pharmacodynamic effects of a novel prokinetic 5-HT receptor agonist, ATI-7505, in humans. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007;19(1):30–8.
Mikami T, Ochi Y, Suzuki K, Saito T, Sugie Y, Sakakibara M. 5-Amino-6-chloro-N-[(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-2-methylimidazo[1, 2- alpha]pyridine-8-carboxamide (CJ-033, 466), a novel and selective 5-hydroxytryptamine4 receptor partial agonist: pharmacological profile in vitro and gastroprokinetic effect in conscious dogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008;325(1):190–9.
Beattie DT, Armstrong SR, Shaw JP, Marquess D, Sandlund C, Smith JA, et al. The in vivo gastrointestinal activity of TD-5108, a selective 5-HT(4) receptor agonist with high intrinsic activity. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2008;378(1):139–47.
de Jonge WJ, Ulloa L. The alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor as a pharmacological target for inflammation. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;151(7):915–29.
Bonaz B. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and the gastrointestinal tract. Gastroenterology. 2007;133(4):1370–3.
Tracey KJ. The inflammatory reflex. Nature. 2002;420(6917):853–9.
Ulloa L. The vagus nerve and the nicotinic anti-inflammatory pathway. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005;4(8):673–84.
Gwilt CR, Donnelly LE, Rogers DF. The non-neuronal cholinergic system in the airways: an unappreciated regulatory role in pulmonary inflammation? Pharmacol Ther. 2007;115(2):208–22.
Kawashima K, Fujii T. Basic and clinical aspects of non-neuronal acetylcholine: overview of non-neuronal cholinergic systems and their biological significance. J Pharmacol Sci. 2008;106(2):167–73.
Ghia JE, Blennerhassett P, Kumar-Ondiveeran H, Verdu EF, Collins SM. The vagus nerve: a tonic inhibitory influence associated with inflammatory bowel disease in a murine model. Gastroenterology. 2006;131(4):1122–30.
Ghia JE, Blennerhassett P, Collins SM. Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression. J Clin Invest. 2008;118(6):2209–18.
Hiramoto T, Chida Y, Sonoda J, Yoshihara K, Sudo N, Kubo C. The hepatic vagus nerve attenuates Fas-induced apoptosis in the mouse liver via alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Gastroenterology. 2008;134(7):2122–31.
Villegas I, La Casa C, de la Lastra CA, Motilva V, Herrerias JM, Martin MJ. Mucosal damage induced by preferential COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors: role of prostaglandins and inflammatory response. Life Sci. 2004;74(7):873–84.
Avila JR, de la Lastra CA, Martin MJ, Motilva V, Luque I, Delgado D, et al. Role of endogenous sulphydryls and neutrophil infiltration in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal injury induced by piroxicam in rats. Inflamm Res. 1996;45(2):83–8.
Tanigawa T, Pai R, Arakawa T, Higuchi K, Tarnawski AS. TGF-beta signaling pathway: its role in gastrointestinal pathophysiology and modulation of ulcer healing. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2005;56(1):3–13.
Arakawa T, Higuchi K, Fukuda T, Fujiwara Y, Kobayashi K, Kuroki T. Prostaglandins in the stomach: an update. J Clin Gastroenterol. 1998;27(Suppl 1):S1–11.
Gudis K, Sakamoto C. The role of cyclooxygenase in gastric mucosal protection. Dig Dis Sci. 2005;50(Suppl 1):S16–23.
Wilson KT, Crabtree JE. Immunology of Helicobacter pylori: insights into the failure of the immune response and perspectives on vaccine studies. Gastroenterology. 2007;133(1):288–308.
Wallace JL. Prostaglandins, NSAIDs, and gastric mucosal protection: why doesn’t the stomach digest itself? Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1547–65.
Santos CL, Medeiros BA, Palheta-Junior RC, Macedo GM, Nobre-e-Souza MA, Troncon LE, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition increases gastric tone and delays gastric emptying in rats. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2007;19(3):225–32.
Fu XW, Lindstrom J, Spindel ER. Nicotine activates and up-regulates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in bronchial epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2009;41(1):93–9.
Alarcon-de-la-Lastra Romero C, Lopez A, Martin MJ, la Casa C, Motilva V. Cinitapride protects against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats: role of 5-hydroxytryptamine, prostaglandins and sulfhydryl compounds. Pharmacology. 1997;54(4):193–202.
Takeuchi K, Kato S, Hirata T, Nishiwaki H. Gastric motility and mucosal ulcerogenic responses induced by prokinetic drugs in rats under prostaglandin-deficient conditions. Dig Dis Sci. 1997;42(2):251–8.
Wallace JL, Granger DN. Pathogenesis of NSAID gastropathy: are neutrophils the culprits? Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1992;13(4):129–31.
Appleyard CB, McCafferty DM, Tigley AW, Swain MG, Wallace JL. Tumor necrosis factor mediation of NSAID-induced gastric damage: role of leukocyte adherence. Am J Physiol. 1996;270(1 Pt 1):G42–8.
Takeuchi K, Tanaka A, Ohno R, Yokota A. Role of COX inhibition in pathogenesis of NSAID-induced small intestinal damage. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2003;54(Suppl 4):165–82.
Takeuchi K, Miyazawa T, Tanaka A, Kato S, Kunikata T. Pathogenic importance of intestinal hypermotility in NSAID-induced small intestinal damage in rats. Digestion. 2002;66(1):30–41.
Acknowledgments
We thank Professor A. M. Bari (Department of Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University) for critical reading of this manuscript. This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan).
Conflict of interest statement
H. Ozaki has received grant support from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharmaceutical Inc. The remaining authors have declared no financial interests.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fujisawa, M., Murata, T., Hori, M. et al. The 5-HT4 receptor agonist mosapride attenuates NSAID-induced gastric mucosal damage. J Gastroenterol 45, 179–186 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-009-0170-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-009-0170-3