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Chronology, geochemical characteristics, and tectonic implications of a Triassic complex in the Rongma Area, Southern Qiangtang, Tibet

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Abstract

The spatio-temporal evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean has been a hot and controversial issue in the world. Here we carry out petrographic, chronological, and geochemical study on garnet–phengite–quartz schist and mafic rocks in the Rongma area from the northern margin of the Southern Qiangtang block to determine the early Mesozoic tectonic evolution of the Shuanghu Paleo-Tethys Ocean in northern Tibet. The zircons from a phengite–quartz schist sample yielded concordant ages of 1936–393 Ma, indicating that its protolith deposited after ~ 393 Ma. Overgrowth zoning garnet with three stages of metamorphic evolution from garnet core to rim (i.e., Peak metamorphic, early retrograde metamorphic, and late retrograde metamorphic stages) in the schist was recognized, indicating that two subduction in a short time might be involved for its genesis. Two groups of phengite in the schist yielded 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 229 ± 1.4 Ma and 225 ± 1.3 Ma, respectively; thus, the late retrograde metamorphism of the schist might occur at ~ 229–225 Ma. Zircon U–Pb dating of a diabase in the area yielded crystallization age of 241 ± 1.1 Ma implying its formation in the early Triassic. The Hf-in-zircon and whole-rock Nd isotopes of the diabase show εHf(t) of − 0.6- + 19.1 and εNd(t) of − 0.8 to  + 0.9, respectively. Combined with the whole-rock geochemical features of the early Triassic diabase (241 Ma) and gabbro (237 Ma), they indicate that these mafic rocks are formed in a back-arc extensional setting related to the subduction of the oceanic plate between the Northern and Southern Qiangtang blocks beneath the latter. Combined with regional data, our study favors that view bi-directional subduction of the Shuanghu Paleo-Tethys ocean in the Early Triassic and it was finally closed at ~ 237 to ~ 229 Ma. Our model will help us better understand the tectonic evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean.

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Acknowledgements

This study is funded by China Geological Survey’s project (No.KD-[2018]-XZ-035) 1:50000 Scale Regional Geological Survey of I45E022011 Mapsheet, South of Rongma Town, Tibet.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing, 163318, China

    Zheng-Zhe Fan

  2. Development and Research Center, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100037, China

    Quan Wang

  3. Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China

    Xian Chen

  4. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, China

    Gen-Hou Wang

  5. Chemical Analysis and Detection Center, Construction and Design Research Institute of Daqing Oilfield, Daqing, 163000, China

    Yue Fu

  6. Seismological Press, Beijing, China

    Gui-Juan Guo

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Fan, ZZ., Wang, Q., Chen, X. et al. Chronology, geochemical characteristics, and tectonic implications of a Triassic complex in the Rongma Area, Southern Qiangtang, Tibet. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 111, 1079–1106 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02129-2

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