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Early Paleozoic Granulite-Facies Metamorphism and Magmatism in the Northern Wulan Terrane of the Quanji Massif: Implications for the Evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean in Northwestern China

  • Metamorphism, Magmatism and Tectonic Evolution of Central China Orogenic Belts
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Abstract

The nature and evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean originated from the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia remain controversial. Early Paleozoic magmatism and metamorphism can provide important constraints on the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean. This paper reports on a set of geological, petrographical, geochronological, mineralogical and geochemical data for Early Paleozoic granite, gabbro, granulite and granitic leucosome in the northern Wulan terrane of the Quanji Massif. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating reveals two episodes of magmatism, with the emplacement of a granitic pluton at 476.7±2.8 Ma and a gabbroic dike at 423±2 Ma. Whole-rock geochemistry suggests an arc affinity for the magma of the granitic pluton but a post-collisional extension setting for the gabbroic dike. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating also shows that the peak granulite-facies metamorphism and anatexis occurred at ~475 Ma, coeval with the formation of the granitic pluton in the Quanji Massif as well as the early lawsonite-bearing eclogites in the North Qaidam high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure (HP-UHP) metamorphic belt to the south. The granulite-facies metamorphism with peak P-T conditions at 718–729 ºC and 0.46–0.53 GPa is characterized by an anticlockwise P-T path. Our data provide compelling evidence for Early Paleozoic paired metamorphic belts with HP-UHP metamorphism in the North Qaidam to the south and low P/T metamorphism in the Quanji Massif as a continental arc to the north, hence suggesting a northward subduction polarity for the Proto-Tethys oceanic plate. The intrusion of the post-collisional gabbroic dike supports for the closure of the Proto-Tethys Ocean in northwestern China before 423 Ma.

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Acknowledgments

This paper is dedicated to the celebration of Prof. Zhendong Youʼs 90th birthday. In particular, Qinyan Wang and Yuanming Pan both benefited directly from Prof. Youʼs metamorphic petrology courses. We also thank three journal reviewers as well as Profs. Neng-Song Chen, Qunke Xia, Yixian Xu and Xianhua Li for constructive reviews and helpful suggestions. This research supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41072044, 41130315 and 41530319). The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0881-6.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

    Qinyan Wang

  2. School of Earth Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Qinyan Wang, Yanjun Dong, Fanxi Liao & Xiaowei Guo

  3. Hubei Earthquake Administration, Wuhan, 430071, China

    Yanjun Dong

  4. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, S7N 5E2, Canada

    Yuanming Pan

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  1. Qinyan Wang
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Correspondence to Qinyan Wang.

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Wang, Q., Dong, Y., Pan, Y. et al. Early Paleozoic Granulite-Facies Metamorphism and Magmatism in the Northern Wulan Terrane of the Quanji Massif: Implications for the Evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean in Northwestern China. J. Earth Sci. 29, 1081–1101 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-018-0881-6

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