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Geochronology and geochemistry of Early Cretaceous bimodal volcanic rocks from Erguna Massif, NE China: evidence for the back-arc extension of the Mongol–Okhotsk orogenic belt

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Abstract

The Manzhouli–Xin Barag Right Banner area, located in the southwestern Erguna Massif, is characterized by the distribution of a large volume of Mesozoic volcanic rocks and many polymetallic deposits. However, the tectonic setting of this area during the Late Mesozoic remains controversial. In this study, zircon U–Pb ages range from 142.8 ± 1.8 to 140.4 ± 1.6 Ma for the alkali basalt from the Meiletu Formation and 140 ± 0.9 Ma for alkaline rhyolites from the Baiyingaolao Formation, forming a bimodal volcanic rock assemblage. The initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios range from 0.705365 to 0.705674, and the εNd(t) values vary from + 0.55 to + 1.47. The alkaline rhyolites show εHf(t) values ranging from + 5.3 to + 8.6, corresponding to TDM1 and TDM2 ages in the range of 0.48–0.58 Ga and 0.64–0.86 Ga, respectively. Combined with the major and trace element compositions, the Meiletu alkali basalts are characterized by Nb enrichment (averaging 23.6 ppm) and were derived from partial melting of metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle and underwent moderate fractional crystallization of minerals (e.g. olivine, clinopyroxene, apatite, and plagioclase). The alkaline rhyolites show A1-type granite affinity and originated from partial melting of the mafic lower crust accompanied by fractional crystallization. This suite of bimodal volcanic rocks was mainly dominated by the Mongol–Okhotsk tectonic regime, and the Erguna Massif was in a back-arc extensional setting triggered by slab rollback during the Early Cretaceous.

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source from Yang et al. (2019) and references therein.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Cheng Zhang, Jianwei Xiao for their help in fieldwork, zircon U–Pb, and geochemical analyses. The work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0601303), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41902094), and the Inner Mongolia Geological Exploration Foundation (18-1-KY02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China

    Fei Yang, Guang Wu, Ying-Lei Li & Tie-Gang Li

  2. MOE Key Laboratory of Orogen and Crust Evolution, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China

    Fei Yang & Ying-Lei Li

  3. College of Earth Sciences, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050030, China

    Gong-Zheng Chen

  4. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Magmatic Mineralization and Ore-Prospecting, Geological Survey Institute of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot, 010020, China

    Yong-Xu Shao & Bing Han

  5. No. 3 Institute of Geological Exploration, Inner Mongolia Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Hohhot, 010010, China

    Guang-Chao Song

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Yang, F., Chen, GZ., Wu, G. et al. Geochronology and geochemistry of Early Cretaceous bimodal volcanic rocks from Erguna Massif, NE China: evidence for the back-arc extension of the Mongol–Okhotsk orogenic belt. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 111, 173–194 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02106-9

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