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Neoproterozoic modification of heterogeneous continental lithosphere beneath the Yangtze interior: revealed from mafic dykes from the Huangling area, South China

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Abstract

The Archean Kongling tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) rocks and Neoproterozoic Huangling granodiorite–monzogranite–tonalite complex occupy the core of the Huangling anticline of the northern Yangtze Craton, South China. These Precambrian felsic rocks have provided crucial clues for understanding the earliest crustal growth in South China. This study presents a set of new zircon U–Pb geochronological and Lu–Hf isotopic data, and whole-rock geochemical data for the mafic dykes, predominantly intruding the Kongling TTG package in the northern Huangling anticline. Our data show that the dykes might be geochemically subdivided into Groups 1 and 2. Group 1 is characterized by low Al2O3, Na2O + K2O, Mg#, Th/Ta, and Sm/Yb but high FeOt and TiO2. In contrast, the Group 2 samples are marked by higher Al2O3, Mg#, Th/Ta, and Sm/Yb but lower FeOt and TiO2. The Group 1 dykes are inferred to be of Paleoproterozoic origin. Group 2 has zircon U–Pb ages of ~ 800 Ma but distinct εHf(t) values among the rock samples, ranging from − 0.3 to − 31.5 and indicating the Neoproterozoic lithospheric mantle being heterogeneous. The Paleoproterozoic Group 1 mafic dykes originated from an enriched and dry lithospheric source. The Neoproterozoic Group 2 mafic dykes were generated by an enriched lithosphere that was modified by slab-released fluid. In addition, a tonalite sample from the southern Huangling anticline is dated at ~ 815 Ma, and has the εHf(t) values ranging from − 19.8 to + 6.9. The wide εHf(t) range suggests the mixing between an enriched lithosphere with a less enriched source. Our data, along with the coeval mafic rocks in NW South China, North Laurentia, and South Australia, indicate that the Neoproterozoic mafic dykes and tonalite in the Yangtze interior are most likely the products in the supra-subduction setting along the Rodinia margin.

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All data reported in this study are presented in Tables 1 and 2, and Supplementary Table 1.

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Acknowledgements

We warmly thank the reviewers (Jörg Pfänder and three anonymous reviewers), Editor-in-Chief (Wolf-Christian Dullo) and Topic Editor (Stefan Jung) for providing clear and thoughtful commentary with the help of which the manuscript was greatly improved. The authors appreciate the assistance of R-F Ge, J-W He, M Luo, and X-M Ren for field work, zircon CL imaging, and U–Pb age analysis; X Yan and Z-Y Zhu for the Hf isotopic analysis; and M-Q Zhang and Q Liu for the geochemical analysis. Also the authors thanked Yuejun Wang and Ian Fitzsimons for offering constructive advice on earlier versions. This study was financially supported by grants from the National Key R&D Plan of China (2018YFC0603703, 2017YFC0601402, and 2016YFC0600303), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M692411) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42002237 and U1701641).

Funding

This study was financially supported by grants from the National Key R&D Plan of China (2018YFC0603703, 2017YFC0601402, and 2016YFC0600303), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M692411), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42002237 and U1701641).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People’s Republic of China

    Xiang Cui, Wenbin Zhu & Xi Wang

  2. Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Geodynamics and Geohazards, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People’s Republic of China

    Xiang Cui

  3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Zhuhai, 519082, People’s Republic of China

    Xiang Cui

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  1. Xiang Cui
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  2. Wenbin Zhu
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  3. Xi Wang
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Correspondence to Xiang Cui or Wenbin Zhu.

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Cui, X., Zhu, W. & Wang, X. Neoproterozoic modification of heterogeneous continental lithosphere beneath the Yangtze interior: revealed from mafic dykes from the Huangling area, South China. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 111, 27–51 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02098-6

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