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Pressure–temperature–deformation–time path of a deformed garnet-bearing granite from the Paleoproterozoic Tandilia Belt, Río de la Plata Craton of Argentina

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Abstract

The pressure–temperature (P–T) evolution of a deformed garnet-bearing granite of La Virgen hill, located 25 km south of the town of Azul, Argentina, was studied as an example of the slightly peraluminous and deformed granites widespread in the Paleoproterozoic Tandilia Belt of the Rio de la Plata Craton. An early isobaric magmatic–submagmatic cooling path followed by exhumation was derived by the appraisal of microstructures, chemical compositions of minerals and P–T pseudosection modeling in the system Si–Ti–Al–Fe–Mn–Mg–Ca–Na–K–O–H (1 wt.% of H2O) using the software PERPLE_X. Slightly zoned magmatic garnet with a core composition of pyr4(grs + adr)11sps10alm75 equilibrated with plagioclase (XAn = 0.37) at 6.0 kbar and 655 °C in a crystal mush with < 7 vol.% of melt. The garnet rim composition of pyr3(grs + adr)12sps14alm71, texturally equilibrated with biotite (Mg/(Mg + Fe) = 0.21) at the granitic solidus of 5.9 kbar and 645 °C. The subsequent cooling path is constrained by isopleths of low-Ti muscovite with Si contents of 3.17 per formula unit commonly located around K-feldspar and recrystallized plagioclase (XAn = 0.35). Ductile deformation at low amphibolite- to greenschist-facies metamorphic conditions produced the subvertical main foliation. Forty-two chemical analyses in seven monazite grains of the granite yielded two groups of U–Th–Pb ages at 2126 ± 10 (2σ) Ma and 2089 ± 3 Ma, interpreted to be inherited from widespread magmatic events of the Tandilia Belt and resulted from the granite crystallization, respectively. The exhumation of the deformed granite from middle (~ 22 km) to upper and cold crustal levels was probably a long-lasting process after 1.9 Ga.

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Fig. 1

modified from Hartmann et al. (2002) showing the position of La Virgen hill and other localities mentioned in the text

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The authors declare the transparency of the data included in this manuscript.

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Acknowledgements

This manuscript was financially supported by the projects: (1) PIP 2015-2017 GI-11220150100269CO by CONICET, (2) PGI-UNS 24/H137 by Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, and (3) PICT N° 2015-0455 by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica de la República Argentina (ANPCyT). We gratefully acknowledge the invaluable assistance at the microprobe work in the former Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallchemie, Universität Stuttgart by Dr. Thomas Theye (Anorganische Chemie at Universität Stuttgart). We gratefully acknowledge the comments by Pedro Oyhantçabal (Universidad de la República, Uruguay—UdelaR) and Manuel Demartis (Universidad de Río Cuarto, Argentina—UNRC) that helped us to significantly improve the manuscript. We are also indebted to the Guest Editor of the Special issue of IJES Ulrich Riller for his comments on the revised version and handling of our contribution.

Funding

This manuscript was financially supported by the projects: (1) PIP 2015-2017 GI-11220150100269CO by CONICET, (2) PGI-UNS 24/H137 by Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, and (3) PICT N° 2015-0455 by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica de la República Argentina (ANPCyT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Geología, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Melisa Angeletti, Juan Cruz Martínez & María Cristina Frisicale

  2. INGEOSUR-CONICET, Alem 1253, cuerpo B’ 1° piso, Bahía Blanca, Argentina

    Juan Cruz Martínez & María Cristina Frisicale

  3. School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, 388 Lumo Road, 430074, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

    Hans-Joachim Massonne

  4. Fakultät Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany

    Hans-Joachim Massonne

Authors
  1. Melisa Angeletti
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  2. Juan Cruz Martínez
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  3. María Cristina Frisicale
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  4. Hans-Joachim Massonne
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Contributions

MA: conceptualization, formal analysis, investigation, writing original draft, review and editing, visualization. JCM: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing, review and editing, supervision, funding acquisition. MCF: investigation, conceptualization, review and editing, supervision, project administration, funding acquisition. H-JM: methodology, conceptualization, validation, review and editing, supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Melisa Angeletti.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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Angeletti, M., Martínez, J.C., Frisicale, M.C. et al. Pressure–temperature–deformation–time path of a deformed garnet-bearing granite from the Paleoproterozoic Tandilia Belt, Río de la Plata Craton of Argentina. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 110, 2273–2293 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02083-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-021-02083-z

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