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Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of carbonates in a prominent lithologically mixed unit in the central South Norwegian Caledonides

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Abstract

A prominent pre-Scandian lithologically mixed unit in the central South Norwegian Caledonides contains more than 100 partly carbonated and hydrated metaperidotite bodies and locally fossiliferous detrital serpentinites. The lateral consistency of this mixed unit was not fully appreciated in the past. Therefore, parts of the mixed unit along strike were interpreted to belong to several different tectonostratigraphic levels. Here, we present new carbonate stable isotope data that suggest that the carbonates of the mixed unit between Bergen and Otta (re-)equilibrated at unit-wide similar peak metamorphic conditions. The isotope compositions are characteristic for this unit and indicate that it represented one single tectonic unit during the Scandian Orogeny. The carbonates in the mélange are characterized by a narrow range of δ18O (SMOW) values between + 11 and + 15.5‰ and three groups of δ13C (PDB) values: (I) + 1.6 to + 0.3‰, (II) − 1.8 to − 3.9‰, and (III) − 6 to − 8.6‰. Carbonates of group III probably were affected by decarbonation or by a fluid containing organic carbon, whereas carbonates of group I and II overlap with δ13C values typical for Ediacaran–Silurian marine carbonates and may have retained their initial δ13C imprint. We suggest that the δ18O values (re-)equilibrated with unit-wide released metamorphic fluids during Scandian metamorphism. An outcrop-scale homogenisation of the δ13C values reflects the local carbon isotope signature of the released metamorphic fluids that circulated channelized through the mélange unit.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the Natural History Museum of Oslo for generously providing samples from the Otta conglomerate and Annabelle Bernard for her help during the analytical work. Suggestions by Abigail Bull-Aller and Reidar Trønnes in improving the manuscript are greatly appreciated. We are grateful for the useful comments of Camille Clerc and Alberto Vitale-Brovarone and for the suggestions of two anonymous reviewers and Marco Scambelluri on an earlier version of the manuscript.

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  1. The Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED), University of Oslo, Sem Sælandsvei 2a, Oslo, 0371, Norway

    Johannes Jakob & Torgeir B. Andersen

  2. Géosciences Rennes, Université de Rennes 1, UMR CNRS 6118, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042, Rennes Cedex, France

    Philippe Boulvais

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The Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics is funded by CoE-Grant 223272 from the Research Council of Norway. The project “Hyperextension in magma-poor and magma-rich domains along the pre-Caledonian passive margin of Baltica” is funded by research Grant 250327/F20 from the Research Council of Norway.

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Jakob, J., Boulvais, P. & Andersen, T.B. Oxygen and carbon isotope compositions of carbonates in a prominent lithologically mixed unit in the central South Norwegian Caledonides. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 107, 1445–1463 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-017-1551-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-017-1551-0

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