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Correlation of Triassic advanced rifting-related Neotethyan submarine basaltic volcanism of the Darnó Unit (NE-Hungary) with some Dinaridic and Hellenidic occurrences on the basis of volcanological, fluid–rock interaction, and geochemical characteristics

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Abstract

Comparative volcanological, mineralogical, petrological, and geochemical studies of blocks of Triassic submarine basalt occurrences hosted by the Jurassic mélange have been carried out. The studied localities are located in displaced parts of the Dinarides in NE-Hungary (Darnó Unit), in the Dinarides (Kalnik Mts., Croatia and Vareš-Smreka, Bosnia and Herzegovina), and in the Hellenides (Stragopetra, Greece). The common characteristic of the studied occurrences is the well observable result of the lava–water-saturated sediment mingling, i.e., the presence of the so-called carbonate peperitic facies. Mixing of the basaltic lava with pelagic lime mud (representing the unconsolidated stage of the red, micritic limestone), as well as fluid inclusion and chlorite thermometry data support that the carbonate peperite was formed above CCD and at the Bosnian locality, a shallower water, about 1.4 km depth is proven. The igneous rocks show mainly within-plate basalt geochemical characteristics; MORB signatures are not common. Low temperature (<200°C) hydrothermal alteration is characteristic to the pillow basalt blocks with peperitic facies. The similarities in the volcanological, geochemical, and textural characteristics observed at the different localities support a strong genetic connection among them. The results of this study suggest to the advanced rifting stage origin of the Triassic basaltic suits and their distinction from the true oceanic basalt pillow units of the Dinarides can be based on the occurrences of the peperite facies.

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Notes

  1. Peperite (definition): a genetic term applied to a rock formed essentially in situ by disintegration of magma intruding and mingling with unconsolidated or poorly consolidated, typically wet sediments. The term also refers to similar mixtures generated by the same processes operating at the contacts of lavas and other hot volcaniclastic deposits with such sediments (White et al. 2000).

Abbreviations

Bas:

Basalt

BM:

Biomold

Cc:

Calcite

Chl:

Chlorite

G:

Glass

Hem:

Hematite

L:

Limestone

Pl:

Plagioclase

Pr:

Prehnite

Ps:

Pseudomorph after earlier mafic mineral

Px:

Pyroxene

R:

Radiolarite

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Hungarian-Croatian Science and Technology Agreement Project no. 07/CRO to F. Molnár and L. A. Palinkaš and the OTKA (HNSF) no. T 49633 and the HAESF Senior Fellowship to F. Molnár. A. Robertson is kindly thanked for field discussions about the Avdella Mélange in the Pindos Mts. and for his reviewing comments. The authors are grateful toward S. Borojević for discussion about fluid inclusion data from Hruškovec. Constructive suggestions and comments from K. Németh reviewer highly improved the original version of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science, Department of Mineralogy, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány P. stny 1/c, 1117, Budapest, Hungary

    Gabriella Kiss & Ferenc Molnár

  2. Faculty of Science, Institute of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac bb, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Ladislav A. Palinkaš

  3. MTA-ELTE Geological, Geophysical and Space Science Research Group, Pázmány P. stny. 1/c, 117, Budapest, Hungary

    Sándor Kovács

  4. Geological Survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ustanička 11, 71210, Ilidža, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Hazim Horvatović

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  1. Gabriella Kiss
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  2. Ferenc Molnár
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Kiss, G., Molnár, F., Palinkaš, L.A. et al. Correlation of Triassic advanced rifting-related Neotethyan submarine basaltic volcanism of the Darnó Unit (NE-Hungary) with some Dinaridic and Hellenidic occurrences on the basis of volcanological, fluid–rock interaction, and geochemical characteristics. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 101, 1503–1521 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-011-0706-7

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