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Cenomanian–Turonian transition in a shallow water sequence of the Sinai, Egypt

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Abstract

Environmental and depositional changes across the Late Cenomanian oceanic anoxic event (OAE2) in the Sinai, Egypt, are examined based on biostratigraphy, mineralogy, δ13C values and phosphorus analyses. Comparison with the Pueblo, Colorado, stratotype section reveals the Whadi El Ghaib section as stratigraphically complete across the late Cenomanian–early Turonian. Foraminifera are dominated by high-stress planktic and benthic assemblages characterized by low diversity, low-oxygen and low-salinity tolerant species, which mark shallow-water oceanic dysoxic conditions during OAE2. Oyster biostromes suggest deposition occurred in less than 50 m depths in low-oxygen, brackish, and nutrient-rich waters. Their demise prior to the peak δ13C excursion is likely due to a rising sea-level. Characteristic OAE2 anoxic conditions reached this coastal region only at the end of the δ13C plateau in deeper waters near the end of the Cenomanian. Increased phosphorus accumulations before and after the δ13C excursion suggest higher oxic conditions and increased detrital input. Bulk-rock and clay mineralogy indicate humid climate conditions, increased continental runoff and a rising sea up to the first δ13C peak. Above this interval, a dryer and seasonally well-contrasted climate with intermittently dry conditions prevailed. These results reveal the globally synchronous δ13C shift, but delayed effects of OAE2 dependent on water depth.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Haydon Mort for advise on phosphorus methods, comments and suggestions. We thank Thomas Steuber and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant no. 0217921.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA

    B. Gertsch & G. Keller

  2. Institut de géologie et paleontology, Université de Lausanne, Anthropole, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    T. Adatte

  3. Institute for Mineralogy and Geochemistry, University of Karlsruhe, 76128, Karlsruhe, Germany

    Z. Berner & D. Stueben

  4. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt

    A. S. Kassab

  5. Department of Geology, South Valley University, Aswan, 81528, Egypt

    A. A. A. Tantawy

  6. Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt

    A. M. El-Sabbagh

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Gertsch, B., Keller, G., Adatte, T. et al. Cenomanian–Turonian transition in a shallow water sequence of the Sinai, Egypt. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 99, 165–182 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-008-0374-4

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