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Framework to leverage physical therapists for the assessment and treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN)

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Abstract

Purpose

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN) is a highly prevalent, dose-limiting, costly, and tough-to-treat adverse effect of several chemotherapy agents, presenting as sensory and motor dysfunction in the distal extremities. Due to limited effective treatments, CIPN can permanently reduce patient function, independence, and quality of life. One of the most promising interventions for CIPN is physical therapy which includes exercise, stretching, balance, and manual therapy interventions. Currently, there are no physical therapy guidelines for CIPN, thus limiting its uptake and potential effectiveness.

Methods

Utilizing the authors’ collective expertise spanning physical therapy, symptom management research, oncology, neurology, and treating patients with CIPN, we propose a comprehensive clinical workflow for physical therapists to assess and treat CIPN. This workflow is based on (1) physical therapy guidelines for treating neurologic symptoms like those of CIPN, (2) results of clinical research on physical therapy and exercise, and (3) physical therapy clinical judgement.

Results

We present detailed tables of pertinent physical therapy assessment and treatment methods that can be used in clinical settings. CIPN assessment should include detailed sensory assessment, objective strength assessments of involved extremities, and validated physical performance measures incorporating static and dynamic balance, gait, and functional mobility components. CIPN treatment should involve sensorimotor, strength, balance, and endurance-focused interventions, alongside a home-based exercise prescription that includes aerobic training. We conclude with action items for oncology teams, physical therapists, patients, and researchers to best apply this framework to address CIPN.

Conclusions

Physical therapists are in a unique position to help assess, prevent, and treat CIPN given their training and prevalence, yet there are no physical therapy clinical practice guidelines for CIPN. Our preliminary suggestions for CIPN assessments and treatments can catalyze the development of guidelines to assess and treat CIPN. We urge oncology teams, physical therapists, patients, and researchers to develop, adapt, and disseminate this framework to help alleviate the burden of chemotherapy on patients with cancer.

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Funding

IRK is funded in part by the National Cancer Institute K07CA221931 and the Maryland Department of Health's Cigarette Restitution Fund Program (CH-649-CRF). PA is recipient of Premio Giovani Talenti UNIMIB/Accademia Dei Lincei for year 2020 and 2021 (grant number: 2020-ATESP-0110 and 2021-ATESP-0042, respectively), and recipient of Bicocca Starting Grant from University of Milano-Bicocca (grant number: 2021-ATESP-0007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Duke University Hospital, Durham, NC, USA

    Stefanie Stoller

  2. Rehabilitation Department, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA

    Scott Capozza

  3. School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy and NeuroMI (Milan Center for Neuroscience), Milan, Italy

    Paola Alberti

  4. Breast Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT, USA

    Maryam Lustberg

  5. Department of Pain & Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Ian R. Kleckner

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  1. Stefanie Stoller
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  2. Scott Capozza
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  5. Ian R. Kleckner
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The work was conceived by SS, SC, and IRK. The manuscript was written by SS and IRK, with additional input and writing from SC, ML, and PA. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ian R. Kleckner.

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Stoller, S., Capozza, S., Alberti, P. et al. Framework to leverage physical therapists for the assessment and treatment of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (CIPN). Support Care Cancer 31, 293 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-07734-2

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