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Grey wolf optimization algorithm-based PID controller for frequency stabilization of interconnected power generating system

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Abstract

In the proposed research article, the grey wolf optimization (GWO) technique is utilized to optimize the proportional (P) integral (I) derivative (D) (PID) controller/regulator gain parameters in three-area grid-connected power networks. The interconnected power plant covers thermal plants, hydro plants, and nuclear power plants. The proposed controller is used as a secondary controller in the power system to perform load frequency control (LFC). Under unforeseen load conditions, the system frequency deviates from the norm. To control and stabilize this oscillation, the LFC system is used. During the investigation, a step load perturbation of one percent (SLP 1%) is applied for the analysis of the thermal power plant. The response of the suggested optimization technique-designed regulator performance is equated with the genetic algorithm (GA)-tuned, particle swarm optimization (PSO)-tuned, and ant colony optimization (ACO) technique-tuned PID regulator response. The performance response is evidence that the GWO-based PID regulator provides a regulated response with minimal time-domain specification parameters (settling time, peak shoots) over other tuning methods. The effectiveness and robustness of the improved response of the suggested technique-optimized controller are verified with various load values (1%, 2%, and 10% SLP) and nominal parameter (R, Tp, and Tij) variations (± 25% & ± 50%) from its nominal value.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India

    K. Jagatheesan & D. Boopathi

  2. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University Institute of Technology, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal, India

    Sourav Samanta

  3. Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, Hindustan College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    B. Anand

  4. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Techno International New Town, Rajarhat, West Bengal, India

    Nilanjan Dey

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  1. K. Jagatheesan
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  2. D. Boopathi
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  3. Sourav Samanta
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  4. B. Anand
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  5. Nilanjan Dey
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Contributions

KJ: model development, and writing—original draft. DB: visualization, and writing—original draft. SS: data curation and software tool support, BA: validation, and writing—review & editing, and ND: validation and supervision.

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Correspondence to K. Jagatheesan.

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Appendix 1: (Arya 2017; Ali et al. 2012; Kumarakrishnan et al. 2020; Nagrath and Kothari 1994)

Appendix 1: (Arya 2017; Ali et al. 2012; Kumarakrishnan et al. 2020; Nagrath and Kothari 1994)

Prt = 2000 MW; B1 = B2 = B3 = 0.4312 p.u.; R1 = R2 = R3 = 2.4 Hz/p.u.; MW/Hz; TSG = 0.08 s; TR = 10 s; TP1 = TP2 = TP3 = 20 s; TW = 1 s; TRH = 28.75 s; T12 = 0.545; TT1 = 0.5 s; TRH1 = 7 s; TRH2 = 9 s. KR = 0.3; MW; a12 = – 1; KHI = 2; KR1 = 0.3; PL = 1840 MW; TRS = 5 s; Tt = 0.3 s; TGH = 0.21 s; KP1 = KP2 = KP3 = 120 Hz/p.u.

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Jagatheesan, K., Boopathi, D., Samanta, S. et al. Grey wolf optimization algorithm-based PID controller for frequency stabilization of interconnected power generating system. Soft Comput 28, 5057–5070 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-023-09213-6

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