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Phenology of Araucaria Forest fern communities: comparison of the influence of natural edge, artificial edge, and forest interior

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Abstract

The edge effect, triggered by habitat fragmentation, alters forest microclimates and influences the life cycle of plants. Phenology may indicate the first changes in phenological patterns in response to the effects of climate change. Climate regulates the phenology of ferns and climatic triggers influence plants in tropical and subtropical regions differently. This study analyzed and compared the phenology of fern communities of three sub-areas — natural edge, artificial edge, and forest interior — of a fragment of Araucaria Forest in the Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, and its relationship with meteorological, astronomical, and edaphic variables. Abiotic and edaphic data were monitored concomitantly with phenological data (leaf renewal and senescence and sporangia formation) in each sub-area over a biennium. Temperature, air humidity, and soil moisture, which undergo changes with the edge effect, influenced edge plants. Leaf renewal was the main phenophase showing strong indication of changes in vegetative patterns in natural and artificial edge communities. Among the communities, that of the artificial edge signaled phenological changes that could compromise the development of ferns if effects intensify over time. In this respect, the phenology of artificial edge ferns differed from that of plants growing in originally natural formations (natural edge and forest interior), showing that exogenous transformations represent a new environmental situation for ferns to develop.

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Source: Müller et al. (2021)

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article (and its supplementary information files).

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Feevale University infrastructure.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Process no 409972/2016–9); and scholarships granted by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for AM and TOHP, by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS) to MZC, and by CNPq to the CSF and JLS is supported by CNPq (PQ-308926/2017–0).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Feevale, ERS-239-2755, Novo Hamburgo, 93525-075, Brazil

    Andressa Müller, Marina Zimmer Correa, Camila Storck Führ, Thábia Ottília Hofstetter Padoin & Jairo Lizandro Schmitt

  2. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Qualidade Ambiental, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil

    Andressa Müller, Thábia Ottília Hofstetter Padoin, Daniela Müller de Quevedo & Jairo Lizandro Schmitt

  3. Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Oceanografia Biológica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil

    Marina Zimmer Correa

  4. Instituto de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Feevale, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil

    Daniela Müller de Quevedo

  5. Mestrado Profissional Análise de Sistemas Ambientais, Centro Universitário CESMAC, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil

    Jairo Lizandro Schmitt

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  1. Andressa Müller
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Contributions

Andressa Müller: conceptualization (lead); formal analysis (lead); investigation (lead); methodology (lead); validation (lead); visualization (lead); writing-original draft (lead). Marina Zimmer Correa: investigation (supporting); methodology (supporting). Camila Storck Führ: investigation (supporting); methodology (supporting). Thábia Ottília Hofstetter Padoin: investigation (supporting); methodology (supporting). Daniela Müller de Quevedo: formal analysis (equal); methodology (equal); supervision (equal); validation (equal). Jairo Lizandro Schmitt: conceptualization (supporting); funding acquisition (lead); investigation (supporting); resources (supporting); supervision (equal); validation (equal).

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Müller, A., Correa, M.Z., Führ, C.S. et al. Phenology of Araucaria Forest fern communities: comparison of the influence of natural edge, artificial edge, and forest interior. Int J Biometeorol 66, 2259–2271 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-022-02354-7

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