Abstract
Key message
Woody Mimosa species, forming resource islands or not, affected the structure of mycorrhizal communities and increased soil fertility, being thus priority targets for conservation and reclamation of edaphic functions.
Abstract
In arid and semiarid ecosystems woody plants forming resource islands (RIs) contribute to improve soil fertility; however, its effect on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities is little known. The objectives of this study were to: (1) characterize the AMF communities and their mycorrhizal potential in soil associated to four woody species of Mimosa, three that are RIs-forming (M. lacerata, M. luisana and M. polyantha) and one that is not (M. purpusii-NRIs) compared to open areas (OAs) without plants; and (2) determine the relationship between AMF and soil properties in two seasons (rainy and dry) in the semiarid Tehuacán–Cuicatlán Valley (TCV), Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico. All Mimosa species favoured AMF richness and spore abundance and altered AMF composition, but to varying degrees depending on the Mimosa species. The three Mimosa species forming RIs and M. purpusii-NRIs improved soil conditions and resources to a similar extent as compared to OAs changing thus AMF species composition; however, only the RIs of M. luisana and M. polyantha did promote AMF diversity under conditions of greater disturbance in the vegetation structure. In contrast, these Mimosa species did not increase mycorrhizal inoculum potential compared to OAs. In addition, the rainfall seasonality affected the fungal community mostly in M. luisana-RI and M. polyantha-RI than in M. lacerata-RI and M. purpusii-NRI. In conclusion, these four Mimosa species, RIs-forming or not, affected AMF communities and soil fertility, being thus priority targets for conservation and reclamation of edaphic functions that perform these fungi within semiarid TCV, so the biology of these woody plants and their symbionts must be better documented.
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Acknowledgements
We thank to Andrea Gutiérrez Ponce, Abigaíl Mendieta and Karla Ortega for their help in the field and laboratory work. Jorge A. Navarro Alberto and José Alberto Ramos Zapata assisted in the processing of data on most probable number with software Dilution. Rosaura Grether and Susana A. Montaño-Arias kindly provided some photographs of the Mimosa species. Eduardo Chimal Sánchez acknowledges CONACyT-Mexico (283809) for scholarships to purse an MSc degree in the Program of Maestría en Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa at Mexico. We also thank the critical comments of three anonymous reviewers who helped us to considerably improve our manuscript.
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468_2021_2234_MOESM1_ESM.jpg
Fig. S1 The woody species of the genus Mimosa analysed in this study and forming or not resource islands (RIs or NRs) are shown: A) M. lacerata RIs-forming, B) M. purpusii NRIs-forming within XS1 (Azumbilla site), C) M. luisana and D) M. polyantha both RIs-forming are presents within XS2 (Coxcatlán site). The sites (XS1 and XS2) are scrublands located in Tehuacán–Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla-Oaxaca, Mexico. RI = Resources islands formed under the canopy of each plant species (JPG 380 KB)
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Fig. S2a Species richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in resource islands of M. lacerata, M. luisana and M. polyantha; non-resource islands of M. purpusii and open areas, at two xerophilous scrublands during two seasons (rainy and dry) in the Tehuacán–Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla-Oaxaca, Mexico. From left to right: Acaulospora aff. laevis; A. aff. mellea; A. morrowiae; A. scrobiculata; Ambispora appendicula; A. gerdemanii; Claroideoglomus claroideum; Diversispora spurca; D. trimurales; Entrophospora infrequens; Gigaspora candida; G. gigantea; Racocetra gregaria; Scutellospora dipurpurescens and Cetraspora aff. gilmorei (JPG 1817 KB)
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Fig. S2b continuation. From left to right: Scutellospora scutata; Funneliformis geosporus; F. mosseae; Rhizophagus aggregatus; Corymbiglomus corymbiforme; G. macrocarpum; Funneliformis halonatus; Rhizophagus clarus; R. fasciculatus; R. intraradices; Sclerocystis sinuosum; Acaulospora sp.; Pacispora sp., and Glomus sp (JPG 1814 KB)
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Fig. S3 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) structures in Sorghum vulgare roots for the estimation of the most probable number of mycorrhizal propagules (MPN) under greenhouse conditions, in resource islands of Mimosa lacerata, M. luisana, M. polyantha, non-resource islands of M. purpusii and open areas at two xerophilous scrublands (XS1 and XS2) during two seasons (rainy and dry) in the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Puebla-Oaxaca, Mexico. a) External mycelium (EM) forming hyphopodia (H). b) Internal mycelium (IM) without septa. c) IM differentiating into arbuscules within the root cells of S. vulgare. d) Arbuscules (Ar) within the S. vulgare root. e) Internal mycelium differentiating to vesicles (V) and f) S. vulgare root without AMF structures (JPG 1288 KB)
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Chimal-Sánchez, E., Montaño, N.M., Camargo-Ricalde, S.L. et al. Endemic Mimosa species, forming resource islands or not, and rainfall seasonality jointly influence arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities in a semiarid ecosystem of Mexico. Trees 36, 609–625 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02234-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-021-02234-4