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Climate change and the regulation of wood formation in trees by temperature

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Abstract

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A better understanding of the influence of environmental conditions on wood formation should help to improve the radial growth of trees and to prepare for climate change.

Abstract

The cambial activity of trees is associated with seasonal cycles of activity and dormancy in temperate zones. The timing of cambial reactivation in early spring and dormancy in autumn plays an important role in determination of the cambial growth and the environmental adaptivity of temperate trees. This review focuses on the temperature regulation of the timing of cambial reactivation and xylem differentiation and highlights recent advances of bud growth in relation to cambial activity of temperate trees. In addition, we discuss relationships between the timing of cambial reactivation, start of xylem differentiation and changes in levels of storage materials to identify the source of the energy required for cell division and differentiation. We also present a summary of current understanding of the effects of rapid increases and decreases in temperature on cambial activity, by localized heating and cooling, respectively. Increases in temperature from late winter to early spring influence the physiological processes that are involved in the initiation of cambial reactivation and xylem differentiation both in localized heated stems and under natural conditions. Localized cooling has a direct effect on cell expansion, the thickening of walls of differentiating tracheids, and the rate of division of cambial cells. A rapid decrease in temperature of the stem might be the critical factor in the control of latewood formation and the cessation of cambial activity. Therefore, temperature is the main driver of cambial activity in temperate trees and trees are able to feel changes in temperature through the stem. The climate change might affect wood formation in trees.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported, in part, by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan (Nos. 19580183, 20120009, 205659, 21380107, 2200104, 23380105, 24380090, 15K07508, 15H04527 and 16K14954).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Shahanara Begum, Kayo Kudo, Md Hasnat Rahman, Satoshi Nakaba, Yusuke Yamagishi, Eri Nabeshima, Widyanto Dwi Nugroho & Ryo Funada

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Shahanara Begum

  3. Institute of Wood Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Noshiro, Akita, 016-0876, Japan

    Kayo Kudo

  4. Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan

    Yusuke Yamagishi

  5. Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8566, Japan

    Eri Nabeshima

  6. Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia

    Widyanto Dwi Nugroho

  7. Tohoku Regional Breeding Office, Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Takizawa, Iwate, 020-0173, Japan

    Yuichiro Oribe

  8. Forest Products Laboratory, USDA Forest Service, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI, 53726, USA

    Peter Kitin

  9. Advanced Environmental Biotechnology Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Center, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore

    Peter Kitin

  10. College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Korea

    Hyun-O Jin & Ryo Funada

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  1. Shahanara Begum
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Correspondence to Ryo Funada.

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Begum, S., Kudo, K., Rahman, M.H. et al. Climate change and the regulation of wood formation in trees by temperature. Trees 32, 3–15 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-017-1587-6

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