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Protein and enzymes regulations towards salt tolerance of some Indian mangroves in relation to adaptation

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Abstract

Elevated substrate salinity and anthropogenic impulse are the major threat to the mangrove ecosystem. In the Indian subcontinent, Sundarbans have the richest mangrove species diversity. Due to geomorphic characteristics and unplanned management, the elevated salinity prevails in the western part and that has direct impact on vegetation. Seven mangrove taxa were examined, of which four (Aegialitis rotundifolia, Heritiera fomes, Xylocarpus granatum, and X. mekongensis) were considered as degrading and three (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Excoecaria agallocha, and Phoenix paludosa) were considered as natural control. The targeted taxa were collected from five different islands and were selected on the basis of increasing salinity gradient. As salinity increased from site I to V (11.76–15.2 ppt), the amount of total leaf proteins decreased in all the targeted species and ranged between 5.67 and 25.23%. The percentage of protein depletion was less in Aegialitis, Heritiera, and Xylocarpus than the other three taxa in higher salinity that pointed out their less adaptability, as degradation of protein may be essential for efficient stress management. Two antioxidative (peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) and two hydrolyzing (acid phosphatase and esterase) enzymes showed a positive correlation with salinity. In four degrading taxa, the percentage of enzyme increment was less than those of their natural control taxa. Salinity imposed increment of antioxidant enzymes facilitate ROS scavenging, which is an inevitable elevated byproduct during photo-inhibition. Lower amount and number of isoforms in higher salinity indicated towards less suitability of Aegialitis rotundifolia, Heritiera fomes, Xylocarpus granatum, and X. mekongensis in increased salinity level of western Sundarbans.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are deeply obliged to the Director, Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve and Chief Principal Conservator of Forest and Wildlife, Government of West Bengal, for providing necessary permission to conduct field work time to time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B.T.Road, Kolkata, 700 108, India

    Nirjhar Dasgupta & Sauren Das

  2. Department of Botany, Barasat Government College, Kolkata, 700 124, India

    Paramita Nandy

  3. Department of Botany, Kalyani University, Kalyani, 714 235, India

    Chandan Sengupta

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  1. Nirjhar Dasgupta
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  2. Paramita Nandy
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  3. Chandan Sengupta
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  4. Sauren Das
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Correspondence to Sauren Das.

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Communicated by U. Luettge.

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Dasgupta, N., Nandy, P., Sengupta, C. et al. Protein and enzymes regulations towards salt tolerance of some Indian mangroves in relation to adaptation. Trees 26, 377–391 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-011-0599-x

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