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Weight loss benefits on HDL cholesterol persist even after weight regaining

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Abstract

Background

Obesity-related comorbidities may relapse in patients with weight regain after bariatric surgery. However, HDL cholesterol (HDLc) levels increase after surgery and seem to remain stable despite a gradual increase in BMI. The aim of this study is to analyze the effects of weight regain after bariatric surgery on HDL cholesterol.

Materials and methods

This is a retrospective, observational, cohort study in patients who underwent bariatric surgery in the Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau (Barcelona) between 2007 and 2015. Patients without at least 5 years of follow-up after surgery, under fibrate treatment, and those who required revisional surgery were excluded from the analysis. Data were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months after surgery, and then annually until 5 years post-surgery.

Results

One hundred fifty patients were analyzed. 93.3% of patients reached > 20% of total weight loss after surgery. At 5th year, 37% of patients had regained > 15% of nadir weight, 60% had regained > 10%, and 22% had regained < 5% of nadir weight. No differences were found in HDLc levels between the different groups of weight regain, nor in the % of change in HDLc levels between nadir weight and 5 years, or in the proportion of patients with normal HDLc concentrations either.

Conclusion

HDLc remains stable regardless of weight regain after bariatric surgery.

Graphical abstract

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Data availability

The data presented in this study are available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health (co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund) PI16/00471 and PI20/00334, and by Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) (CB07/08/0016). José Luis Sánchez-Quesada is a member of the Group of Vascular Biology of the Spanish Society of Atherosclerosis.

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Author notes

  1. Idoia Genua and Inka Miñambres have equal contribution.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, C/Sant Quintí 89, 08025, Barcelona, Spain

    Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, Rocío Puig, Helena Sardà & Antonio Pérez

  2. Department of Medicine, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, Helena Sardà, Sonia Fernández-Ananin & Antonio Pérez

  3. CIBER of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain

    Inka Miñambres, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada & Antonio Pérez

  4. Unit of Esophagogastric and Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery, Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain

    Sonia Fernández-Ananin

  5. Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Barcelona, Spain

    José Luis Sánchez-Quesada

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Contributions

Conceptualization: Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, Antonio Pérez, and José Luis Sánchez-Quesada; Methodology: Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, and Antonio Pérez; Formal analysis: Idoia Genua and Inka Miñambres; Resources: Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, Helena Sardà, Rocío Puig, Sonia Fernández-Ananin, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, and Antonio Pérez; Writing—original draft preparation: Idoia Genua and Inka Miñambres; Writing—review & editing: Idoia Genua, Inka Miñambres, Helena Sardà, Rocío Puig, Sonia Fernández-Ananin, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, and Antonio Pérez; Supervision: Inka Miñambres, José Luis Sánchez-Quesada, and Antonio Pérez.

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Correspondence to Inka Miñambres or Antonio Pérez.

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Disclosures

Antonio Pérez has served as a consultant for or received research support, lecture fees, or travel reimbursement from Sanofi Aventis, Almirall, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, MSD, Abbott, Boehringer Ingelheim, Esteve, Gilead, Novartis, Amgen, Menarini, Amarin, Daiichi Sankyo, and Astra Zeneca. Antonio Pérez, Inka Miñambres, and José Luis Sánchez-Quesada received a grant from Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Health (co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund) PI16/00471 and PI20/00334, and by Consorcio Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) (CB07/08/0016). Sonia Fernández-Ananin has received a grant of the Catalan Society of Surgery in Research: ‘Non-absorbable running barbed suture versus non-absorbable interrupted suture in paraesophageal hernia repair. Can this surgical gesture improve the outcomes? A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.’ The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results. Idoia Genua, Helena Sardà, and Rocío Puig have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

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Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.

Institutional review board statement

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau research institute (protocol IIBSP-BAR-2020-157; date of approval: February 24, 2021).

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Genua, I., Miñambres, I., Puig, R. et al. Weight loss benefits on HDL cholesterol persist even after weight regaining. Surg Endosc (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-024-10826-7

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